Mammograms play a very important role in breast cancer detection and helps decrease breast caner deaths . Many woman begin mammograms at the age 40 and have them every one to two years. The goal of screening exams for breast cancer is to find cancer before they start to cause symptoms like a lump that can be felt. Breast cancer found during screening are more likely to be small and still confined to the breast. The size of the breast cancer and how far it has spread are some of the most important factors in the prognosis of a woman with this disease.
The focus of the literature review will be upon breast cancer and social support received, and the psychological consequences that social support has upon the coping adaptability of breast cancer patients. Breast cancer is now the number one cancer in the UK, each year more than forty five thousand women are diagnosed with this cancer, approximately one hundred and twenty five women a day, this does not include the three hundred men a year that are also diagnosed. According to figures published by the Office for National Statistics in 2002, the incidence of breast cancer in Britain has increased from an age-standardised rate of seventy-five per one hundred thousand in 1979, to one hundred and fourteen per one hundred thousand in 2001. In 1988, a Breast Screening Program was introduced in the UK; this led to a temporary increase in prevalence rates, for women aged 50-64 years. However, more women than ever before are surviving breast cancer, nine out of ten women diagnosed at stage one survive beyond five years.
A simple snap of a mammogram wouldn’t be able to capture the shot of how the cancer or tumor looks like, or where it spreader through your breast. The 3-d ultra sound would improve early detection of breast cancer by building an ultrasound scanner that can image the entire breast thus standardizing ultrasound breast imaging to provide high quality images improving detection of no palpable breast cancers that cannot be seen with mammography in women at high risk of breast cancer, especially in women with dense breasts. In the remainder of this passage I am going to discuss more about this 3-d ultrasound research. The unique way of catching cancer or tumors before they enlarge. 3-d ultra sounds are very suitable for any woman with breast pains and unusual feelings in the
Furthermore, different stages of cancer will be treated with different methods and therapies. Most and many cancers will develop abnormal tumors. Killing the cancer cells and isolating the tumor will be ideal for preventing the spreading of the disease throughout the body. In Hong Kong, there are two main ways to treat cancer; Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy. Radiotherapy can be done mainly with two machines.
This type of cancer begins in the lungs and is divided into three main types; non-small cell, small cell and lung carcinoid tumor (American Cancer Society, 2012). Understanding what type of lung cancer a patient has is important as this will have an impact on treatment and prognosis. Proper diagnosis also involves staging; stage is used by the health care team to determine the extent of disease within the patient’s body. Lung cancer treatment will vary based on type and stage. Common treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapies (American Cancer Society, 2012).
Further, 79% of these “heavy antibiotics users” developed breast cancer. According to the American Cancer Society, one in twelve women will develop breast cancer at some time in her life. Of the numbers mentioned, which are parameters? A. 13% and 79% B.
In our case , the patient was diagnosed as hamartoma by radiologist at first. This may be that hamartoma and teratoma have similar compositions including fat, smooth muscle, fibrous tissue, blood vessels and calcification, but the cystic change of the hamartoma are relatively rare. The characteristics of our case is that enhanced CT present the strengthed nodules of attaching to the wall which can be seen in the malignant ovarian disease. So we can infer that
Applied Physics of Radiotherapy Radiotherapy is when high-energy ionising radiation is used in order to cure or relieve symptoms and reduce the chance of the cancer returning after surgery. The localisation of the tumour is a crucial step during planning as this is used to determine the location and extent of the disease in relation to normal tissues surrounding the tumour. It is the process where the patient is imaged, and their outline is obtained. This essay will discuss the aims of pre-treatment planning and discuss the various types of radiotherapy techniques used in the treatment of malignant disease. The rationale for each technique will be explored and examples will be applied for when each technique may be used.
Knowing what plane a specific image was taken can help diagnose and locate conditions like cancer, blood clots, and kidney disease. Body cavity approach is the study of different body cavities and the organs with in them. Body cavities help divide the body into sections or compartments and help give organs a specific “place” in the body. This approach is often used when studying a specific organ like the brain in the cranial cavity or an entire system like the gastrointestinal system which is in the abdominopelvic cavity. Body cavities can also be useful in observing how a disease affects numerous organs with in
It appears as a firm, red nodule, or a flat lesion with a scaly, crusted surface. There is many ways to treat a Basal cell carcinoma with a good chance of success of 90% or more. The doctor’s main goal is to remove or destroy the cancer completely with as small a scar as possible. The doctor considers location, size, risk of scarring, and the person’s age, general health, and medical history. In conclusion I did my research paper on skin cancer.