Energetics Aim: To measure the energy released from the complete combustion of a known mass of alcohol or paraffin wax, to heat water. Hypothesis: The combustion of alcohols is exothermic. In this experiment the energy is released from burning a known mass of alcohol in order to heat a known amount of water. A comparison of various alcohols and paraffin wax (methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, octanol and candle) as fuels can be made by calculating the quantity of energy transferred to the water. In this experiment, the amount of energy (heat) involved in a chemical change will be determined.
(As you can guess, different fuels begin burning at different temperatures.) Heat or ignition sources lift fuel (combustible material) to its activation energy to start the fire. The fire generates heat which sustains the chemical reaction; the blaze continues and spreads. Some firefighting tactics shield the fuel from air (oxygen) to extinguish the blaze. Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers expel a cold fog of CO2 that cuts a fire off from its air supply.
Simple and Fractional Distillation of Cyclohexane and Toluene Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to become familiar with the processes of simple and fractional distillation. In this experiment a mixture of two volatile compounds, cyclohexane and toluene, were separated with the process of distillation. Distillation relies on each compound having distinct and separate boiling points. The pure products were analyzed with gas chromatography to determine the success of the distillation. Introduction: Distillation is the process of heating a liquid until it boils, then condensing and collecting the resulting hot vapors.
The more electrical energy added, the hotter the plasma arc becomes. Plasma arc cutting machines control this powerful energy by constricting the arc and forcing it through a concentrated area (the nozzle). By increasing air pressure and intensifying the arc with higher amperage, the arc becomes hotter and more capable of blasting through thicker metals and blowing away the cuttings, with minimal cleanup required. 3.1 BACKGROUNDS AND THEORY Plasma is defined as a gas which has been heated to an extremely high temperature and ionized so that it becomes electrically conductive. The plasma arc cutting and gouging processes use this plasma to transfer an electric arc to the workpiece.
When the fuels combust, oxygen and fuels react, and heat released. The water then absorbed the heat from the combustion. In this experiment the calorimeter of energy is used to measure the temperature of the heat that is released from the cashew. The equation to find the energy produce during
5.04H: Gas Stoichiometry Lab Worksheet Name: _________________________ Data and Observations: Present all relevant data in a data table below. Include an observations section for any observations that you made during the lab. (5 points) Data Table| Mass of magnesium strip (grams)|0.0304g| Volume of gas collected (mL)|10ml| Barometric pressure (atm)|1.1| Room Temperature (°C)|21 | Vapor pressure of the water (torr)|18.7| Calculations: 1. Write the balanced equation for the reaction conducted in this lab, including appropriate phase symbols. (2 points) Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → H2(g) + MgCl2(aq) 2.
Name: Alexis Savastano How Does pH Affect an Enzyme? Catalase is an enzyme that helps decompose the toxic hydrogen peroxide that is produced during normal cell activities. The products of this reaction are water and oxygen gas. The pressure of the oxygen gas in a closed container increases as oxygen is produced. Any increase in the rate of reaction will cause an increase in the pressure of the oxygen.
By using this method of distillation a mixture is heated to a temperature at which several fractions of the compound is evaporated the distillate is then condensed and collected. Generally the component parts have boiling points that differ by as little as 20-30°C under a pressure of one atmosphere. However, cyclohexene and cyclohexanol have boiling points of 83°C and 161°C, respectively, and fractional distillation was used to separate the starting material from the desired product. The mixture is heated and boiled and the vapors produced are condensed and the distillate is collected and then tested by GC analysis. The Agilent 7890A Gas Chromatography System separates chemicals based on the ease with which they evaporate into a gas, also known as the volatility.
Chapter Assessment Answer Key Chemistry: Matter and Change T167 4 CHAPTER ASSESSMENT Date alpha radiation Dalton’s atomic theory radiation radioactivity Chapter Assessment particles involved in a reaction. Chemistry: Matter and Change • Chapter 4 nucleus. A nuclear equation shows the atomic number and mass number of the 19 Both concern changes in atoms. A nuclear reaction involves a change in an atom’s 15. nuclear reaction, nuclear equation atom. in the nucleus of a given atom.
“Nuclear fission is the process of breaking up atoms; the process will generate an enormous amount of energy in form of heat” (Nuclear Power and the Environment). The first man-made reactor was built in the USA in December 2, 1942 called-