It is well know that cigarettes are unhealthy for the smoker reducing the oxygen in the body. If a pregnant woman gets less oxygen every time she smokes a cigarette so does her fetus reducing blood flow and nutrition to the placenta. Also the fetus metabolise the agents contained in the tobacco which can causing cancer. (Siegler, R. Deloache, J. Eisenberg, N. 2006) The main effects that can compromise the health of the infant are retarded growth and low birth weight. Statistic shows that those babies born to heavy smoker average weight half a pound less than baby of non-smokers.
Who Says Females Cannot be Scientists? Mary Ellen Avery is an achieved scientist in the field of neonatology, which the field of medicine that concerns the care, development, and diseases of newborn infants. She is most known for her discovery in 1959 that respiratory distress syndrome in premature newborns is caused by a lack of surfactant, the foamy coating that helps lungs expand. Avery was born in 1927 in Camden, New Jersey. She had both a mother and a father.
But the first breakthrough came when a procedure was developed and performed on the first open heart surgery patient for Tetralogy of Fallot or better known as the baby-blue syndrome in 1944. II. We credited most of these accomplishments to Vivien Thomas an African American surgical technician. He was able replicated and developed techniques to use during the cardiac surgery under the supervision of his mentor and partners Dr. Blalok. Even though Thomas was not able to operate on human patients, he stood over Dr.Blalock directing him on the correct way to perfume the procedures; this surgery would not have been a success without Thomas guidance.
Interestingly in the Rutter study those who were adopted before the age of 6 months tended to show a more marked improvement compared to their older counterparts. This seems to coincide with Schaffer and Emerson’s Glaswegian infant study which showed that children below the age of 6 months treat everything indiscriminately having not formed an attachment. So naturally by definition the Romanian infants below 6 months couldn’t and didn’t suffer privation and so therefore didn’t suffer the effects of it later. However with the Rutter study it is hard to establish cause and effect. Many of the children suffered cognitive deficits but this might have rather been a result of a lack of substantial intellectual stimulation within the institutions as opposed to privation.
A baby born with an Omphalocele has a higher risk for complications than a baby with Gastroschisis for many reasons. Gastroschisis is usually the only birth defect the baby has, but it is possible for them to have others. With a Gastroschisis baby, since the intestines are exposed, they could begin too dry out, and the baby may have problems regulating their body heat. There is also a possibility of some of the intestines dying, and they will have to be removed. They also need special care to prevent infection.
Because neonates in the first few hours of life usually don’t have adequate vitamin K in their blood stream, physician often prescribes Phytonadione to prevent hemorrhaging of the newborn. However, the patient in the case study was given too much vitamin K. This medication error puts the patient at risk of hemolytic anemia and
This protein that newborns do not have is small air sacs in the lungs that keep them from collapsing. Treatment with surfactant helps these babies breathe more easily. Babies with RDS also may need oxygen and other breathing help to make their lungs work. Bleeding in the brain can affect low-birth weight premature babies, usually in the first 3 days of life. Brain bleeds usually are diagnosed with an ultrasound.
Multiple birth babies are at increased risk of low birth weight because they are often pre mature. Moreover, excessive stress and victim of domestic violence or other abuse also may increase the risk of low birth weight. Babies who have low birth weight are more likely to have health problems than babies born normally. Many of the premature and low birth weight babies lack enough body fat to uphold a normal body temperature, and have medical problems. Some of the medical problems that infants with low birth weight have are that they have the risk of developing breath problems such as the respiration distress syndrome.
Parents do not seem to realize that their children are going to have all these health problems. Maybe if the doctors checked children’s blood pressure at an earlier age could prevent some of the health issues. Problems that can occur in children who are overweight are type 2 diabetes; diabetes can lead to eye disease, nerve damage, and kidney dysfunction. Girls are more likely to have type 2 diabetes than boys are. Girls carry 26% more SC fat than boys, which may contribute to relative insulin resistance in the female population.
SSRI treatment should be continued at the lowest effective dose because withdrawal of medication may have harmful effects on the mother infant [bond]. The problems experienced by babies exposed to antidepressants in utero may not be caused by drug withdrawal at all, since the babies’ symptoms are more consistent with exposure to too much serotonin, not too little, as would be expected if withdrawal from antidepressants were the culprit. MORE: Why Comparing Painkillers to Crack Doesn’t Help Exposed