Biology Chapter 4- Study Guide- NAME: _________________________________________Perid___________ 1. What type of energy do all cells have? 2. What best describes the function of the ATP molecule? ___________ energy 3.
Plants are the producers for an ecosystem. They photosynthesise carbon dioxide and water and produce energy in the form of carbohydrates and other molecules. Photosynthesis requires water, and plants gain water from the soil using mineral ions such as nitrate produced by the nitrifying bacteria. Hydrolysis of ATP releases energy for processes such as active transport of the nitrate ions (and others such as potassium etc) from the soil into root hair cells, a process that lowers water potential and is used to draw water into the plant from the soil. In leaves, photosynthesis involves the photolysis of water, a process that involves the attachment of two electrons to a magnesium ion in chlorophyll and the production of hydrogen ions from the breakdown of water.
Onion, Cheek, and Elodea Lab 1. What are the two types of cell we discussed? How would you classify onion, cheek, and Elodea cells? ans: The two types of cells we discussed is the plant cells, and animal cell. Onion, Cheek, and Elodea cells are all eukaryotic.
Honors Biology Chapter 4 Study Guide 1. Describe the structure of the organelles described in chapter 4. ex)nucleus has a double membrane and nuclear pores. very basic 2. If a cell has an extensive Golgi apparatus what function/process would you expect that cell to do? stores proteins and alot of exporting (sending stuff out of the cell) 3.
What is the function of the cytoskeleton? To give the cell shape 12. What is inside nucleus that is responsible for providing the cell with its characteristics? DNA Par t D – Pl an t C e ll M o d e l Lo c a t e t h e i m a g e o f t h e p l a n t c e l l m o d e l and click through each of the parts and read their descriptions. Use the information to answer the questions.
Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei used mRNA made up of repeating uracil nucleotides in a cell free extract. They obtained amino acid chains consisting of phenylalanine. What did they learn when they asked the question, ”What happens when mRNA made up of only cytosine, alanine, and guanine are placed in a cell free extract?” 10. Explain how the structure of tRNA helps it to deliver the correct amino acid to the corresponding mRNA codon at the ribosome. Sketch the structure of a tRNA molecule, making sure to label the amino acid and the
Cell organelles are small structures within cells which carry out specialised functions and they have structures which are heavily adapted to their function. Firstly, chloroplast is a cell organelle that is commonly found in plant cells such as palisade cells and it has a unique structure which is fundamental in carrying out its function. Chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis; it carries out the light dependent reaction and the light independent reaction of photosynthesis and its structure is specially adapted for these reactions. The light dependent reaction of photosynthesis occurs in the thylakoids of the chloroplast organelle, ( which are made up to stacks of 100 called a granum) and these thylakoids provide a large surface area for the attachment of chlorophyll and the electron carriers involved in the LIR, allowing the LIR to take place. It also contains a network of proteins which holds the chlorophyll in a strict manner, allowing for maximum absorption of light and thus ensuring that enough light has been absorbed by the chlorophyll to cause excitation of electrons and for the light dependent reaction to start.
The gameteophyte of a fern consists of a free-living distinct plant called the prothallus on which structures called archegonia and antheridia produce eggs and sperm respectively. Gametes are produced by both these gametophytes. A. GAMETOPHYTE GENERATION I. FERN * Haploid * Reduced in comparison to sporophyte * Characterized as a heart-shaped prothallus * Eggs formed in archegonia * Sperm formed in antheridia * Details of archegonial structure * Details of antheridial structure * Gametophyte is photosynthetic; has rhizoids for anchoring and water absorption II. FLOWERING PLANT * Male (micro)gametophyte (or pollen grain is immature microgametophyte) * Female (mega)gametophyte or embryo sac * Structure of microgametophyte normally two cells, a tube and a generative cell (sometimes identified as a tube cell and two sperm nuclei) * Structure of megagametophyte is 7 cells with 8 nuclei * Both gametophytes nutritionally dependent on the sporophyte * Haploid * Gametophyte develops usually from one type of spore in ferns (homospory), * While in the flowering plnats each gametophyte develops from a different type
Describe all of the ways what you could prepare this plant for consumption: 3c. Image of Plant: Plant 5: Beans 1a. Why did you select this plant? I selected this plant because is a 2b. Describe all of the ways what you could prepare this plant for consumption: 3c.
Chapter 7 – Honors Biology Test Review 1. Who named the cell? What was he looking at? 2. What are the 3 parts of the cell theory and who contributed to each part? 3.