Antibiotics are produced by microorganism because they inhibit the growth of or kill other microorganisms; they are effective in low concentrations and act on specific species of microorganisms. 3. List four different ways that the antibiotics work to destroy or inhibit microorganisms and for each give named example of an antibiotic exhibiting this type of mechanism. (Note: you need to indicate the different processes or structures affected not simply variations or subsets of a process) Inhibit cell-wall formation: blocks a specific cross linking step in the bacteria in the process of reproduction. E.g.
3. Why is it necessary to make pure subcultures of organisms grown from clinical specimens? So that the organism can be identified and tested for antibiotic sensitivities. 4. What kinds of clinical specimens may yield a mixed flora in bacterial cultures?
In order to find out which antibiotics work on the bacteria, doing an agar plate test is the best way to get answers. Results; I tested the affect of a series of antibiotics on two ranges of cultures. E.Coli and S.Albus. I used four agar plates. Two for E.Coli and two for S.Albus.
p.Glo Lab Report Hypothesis: What plates will have growth and why? : The plates with pGLO, because they are resistant to antibiotics. What plates will not have growth and why? : The plate with ampicillin and no pGLO, because the bacteria are compromised by an antibiotic and do not have a recombinant plasmid. What plates will glow under a UV light and why?
It shows blue and purple for gram positive and red for gram negative. Simple stain gives the same color to all bacteria and makes it hard to differentiate between them. 5. In what kind of clinical situation would a direct smear report from the laboratory be of urgent importance? Blood infections, indication of cancer, or severe
A con is the higher risk of destruction of normal body flora. Drug allergy, drug toxicity, and creation of resistant microorganisms are also facts that need to be taken into consideration. Narrow-spectrum antimicrobials can only target either Gram-negative or Gram-positive microorganisms or a small variety of microorganisms at the time used. A con is that the bacteria have to be indentified first, before treatment can start. The pros are the reduced risk of creating resistant microorganisms and less chance of harming the host.
Unknown Lab Report: Enterobacter cloacae Jessica Sainvil Professor Cupido Bio 253L1 Thu 9:30-12:30 Due Date: 12/6/12 Unknown#103 Introduction The bacterium Enterobacter cloacae isolated from the given #103 was a Gram-negative Rod. The purpose of this lab was to isolate and identify the genus and species of an unknown bacterium. It is important to identify an unknown microorganism because knowing how the bacteria work and how it is structured means knowing how it can affect humans. Unknown bacteria may also be used clinically many pharmaceutical drugs are based on products made by organisms (Katzung, B.G.2004). In order to identify the unknown organism a series of tests were performed.
Alpha hemolysis 3. Streptococcus pneumoniae are Gram-positive, lancet-shaped cocci (elongated cocci with a ... sensitive to bacitracin than other beta hemolytic streptococci. 4. the swelling of the capsule surrounding a microorganism after reaction with an antibody; the basis of certain tests for identifying microorganisms; "pneumococcus quellung" 5. capsules provide protection from viruses. they can be slippery to defend themselves from being eaten. Protects the bacteria from phagocytosis allowing the bacteria to stay in the body 6. pure culture 7.
6/28/2012 The 1st lab procedure performed was the gram stain. Previously, before starting the gram stain I prepared a bacterial smear on a glass slide and used the heat fixing method which was done to help the bacteria cells adhere to the glass, kill them, and also helps make the cells easier to stain by coagulating the cells proteins. The gram stain test helped me identify rather my bacterium would be a negative or positive and determined the microscopic morphology (shape, and arrangement) of my bacterium as well. The test
However, the discussion provides an indication that the main hypothesis of this article is that Borrelia burgdorferi can create the symptoms generally associated with Lyme disease by way of bacterial byproducts that can negatively impact the host’s tissues, rather than the actual virulence of Borrelia burgdorferi. As such, the authors also shows that expression of Lyme disease symptoms in a patient could be due to such byproducts and not necessarily because of such virulence