Many used to call the opium poppy as a joy plant in 3000BC. Morphine acts as an anaesthetic without decreasing consciousness, and it is one of the most powerful analgesics known. However it also suppresses the respiratory system and high doses can cause death by respiratory failure. Its analgesic properties are related to the ability of the molecule to fit into and block a specific receptor site on a nerve cell. This eliminates the action of the pain receptor, preventing the pain signals reaching the brain.
Contents [hide] 1 Theory 2 Application 3 Commercial preparations 4 Naturally occurring pH indicators 5 See also 6 References [edit]Theory In and of themselves, pH indicators are frequently weak acids or weak bases. The general reaction scheme of a pH indicator can be formulated as follows: HInd + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + Ind- Here HInd stands for the acid form and Ind- for the conjugate base of the indicator. It is the ratio of these that determines the color of the solution and that connects the color to the pH value. For pH indicators that are weak protolytes, we can write the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for them: The equation, derived from the acidity constant, states that when pH equals the pKa value of the indicator, both species are present in 1:1 ratio. If pH is above the
Antiseptic One of the first antiseptics to go into wide use, phenol has been largely replaced by safer chemicals; but it continues to be used for this purpose. It inhibits microbe growth in the irritations to which it is applied. Topical Anesthetic Phenol numbs skin on contact, making it an effective topical anesthetic and analgesic. It is often included in sore throat sprays and preparations applied to soothe rashes and minor skin irritation. Chloraseptic throat spray and cough drops contain phenol as their active ingredient.
Then, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O (0.5mol) was added to above solution and was kept at 80 °C for 12h under reflux. The obtained red-brown solid was filtered and washed for three times with methanol and DMF, then dried in air. The as-prepared photocatalyst was characterized by SEM (VP-1450), EDX (type
The third test will utilize thin layer chromatography to evaluate the purity of the aspirin as well as testing for the presence of leftover salicylic acid or other by products of the reactions. Experimental: Week 1: For the synthesis of the aspirin, 250 mL of water was boiled. 1.5 g. of salicylic acid were poured on a test tube. Then, 3.5 mL of acetic anhydride and four drops of 85% phosphoric acid were added. A cotton ball was placed to prevent vapor escape.
Heroin also has the power to be fatal to a user. I think if heroin. wasn't as strong it would not kill you and would the be a prescribed drug. It also would help morphine addicts and would cause little harm to the human body. Heroin was also part of forming my Aunt an Uncle borough.
The dichloromethane is then separated from the mixture in the rotary evaporator. Figure 1: The structure of caffeine is very similar to those of purine bases (adenine and guanine) in DNA, therefore caffeine is a good substance to practice on for dealing with nucleic acids. Procedure Approximately 10g of tealeaves, CaCO3 (4.8g, 0.048 mol) and deionised H2O (100mL) is added into a beaker and boiled for 15 minutes. The mixture is then cooled to 20˚C and is filtrated using a Buchner funnel (vacuum filtration). The extraction process is when a solvent, dichloromethane (15mL) is added to the filtrate in a separatory funnel; the mixture is gently swirled together 3 times, and stopcock is released in between to vent the funnel.
Sodium benzoate is approximately 200 times more soluble than benzoic acid. There are benefits of benzoic acid. Benzoic acid inhibits the growth of molds, bacteria and yeasts in food. Benzoic acid is also used as expectorants, antiseptics and analgesics. Large intake of benzoic acid leads to some harmful effects.
The mixture was refluxed to avoid evaporation while it boiled for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes the mixture was cooled and then filtered through fluted filter paper into a 250ml round bottom flask. The methyene chloride dissolved the trimystrin and would pass through the filter paper leaving the other nutmeg solids behind. The solution was then distilled to get rid of the methlyene chloride and isolate the trimyristin. Methlyene chloride was a good solvent in this case because its boiling point is 40 degrees C and will boil off before the trimyristin which has a boiling point of 56-57 degrees C. Finally acetone was added to wash the crystals and the solution was vacuum filtered.
After heating, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered by vacuum filtration into a fritted funnel to yield a purple product. The product was washed 3 times with (5mL) portions of chilled 6M HCL, then Ethanol, and lastly with acetone. The resulting product was placed into a vial and left to dry in a vacuum desiccator for 1 week and weighed the next week. The yield was 6.029g. The second experiment, procedure 1, combined [Co(NH3)5 (H2O)]Cl2 (0.0060M, 1.52g) and (25mL) of distilled water to an 125mL Erlenmeyer flask.