Bangladesh in 1998

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Bangladesh in 1998 Shawly Chowdhury 1130144 Introduction In 1998 Bangladesh suffered its worst floods in living memory, inundating two-thirds of the country for an unprecedented eleven weeks starting in July. The last major floods in 1988 had lasted only two weeks. Seasonal flooding is, of course, nothing new to Bangladesh. Its river systems—the Ganges, the Brahmaputra, and the Meghna—annually drain a vast basin 12 times their own area. Bangladesh, only 7.5 percent of the catchment area, itself receives between 1,000 and 5,000 mm of rainfall, about 80 percent during the June to September monsoon season. The people and economy of Bangladesh have adapted over generations to the seasonal flooding this causes. However, in years when river levels and above-normal rainfall peak together, there has been enormous loss of life, livelihoods, property, and crops. Monsoon floods in Bangladesh left hundreds dead and forced over 20 million people out of their homes. As the waters began to recede the country had to cope with the aftermath of hunger and water-borne disease. Year: 1998 Photographer: Mike Goldwater CAUSES of the FLOOD Short term: 1. Monsoon Downpour 2. Synchronization of Flood Peaks Long term: 1. Local Relative Sea Level Rise (7mm/year around the coastal areas of Bangladesh -Emery and Aubrey,1990) 2. Inadequate Sediment Accumulation (5 5-6 mm/year , 1989) 3. Subsidence and Compaction of Sediments 4. Riverbed Aggradations 5. Deforestation in the Upstream Region 6. Damming of Rivers 7. Soil Erosion due to Tilling 8. Excessive Development 9. Seismic (Earthquake) and Neo tectonic Activities 10. Greenhouse Effect - Monsoon Climate Brings very heavy rain and snow. Soils are leached and heavy Runoff results in soil erosion. From July and onwards the seasonal monsoon rains were

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