Some of the more common complications associated with the disease are bowel obstruction, ulcers, and fistulas. Bowel obstruction is the most common and results from the thickening of the intestinal wall with swelling and scar tissue, narrowing the passage. The narrowing of the intestines blocks flow of digested material through the affected area. In severe conditions surgery is needed to remove the dead and damaged tissue of the bowel. Chronic inflammation that accompanies this disease can lead to the formation of ulcers.
COMPARTMENT SYNDROME 1 Compartment Syndrome Shannin Daniels ENGL 135 Professor Erikson August 18, 2010 COMPARTMENT 2 Compartment syndrome is a devastating side effect of orthopedic injuries, crush injuries and trauma. The injury at the cellular level is amazing. What the muscle goes through following one of these injuries is complex. Having a diagnosis quickly can mean the difference between surgery to relieve pressure to amputation. The trauma of surgery followed by probable skin grafting can be devastating also.
This complication may occur if the spinal cord's surrounding membrane is torn or punctured, or if it ruptures. In many cases this complication is noticed during the spinal-cord surgery and corrected right away. However, if it is not corrected during surgery, it can lead to serious complications such as a spinal infection or chronic headaches, and will need an additional spinal-cord surgery to be corrected. Nerve Damage Nerve damage is a possible complication of spinal-cord surgery. This complication can occur during the surgery and one or more nerves can be affected.
CORRECT The carotid artery (artery to the brain) is narrowed in clients with a brain attack (stroke). A bruit is an abnormal sound heard on auscultation resulting from interference with normal blood flow. B) Elevated blood pressure. CORRECT When a client has a brain attack (stroke), the blood pressure will often respond by going up. Increased BP is a sign of increased intracranial pressure.
2. Many factors may affect fluid input and output medical conditions such as congestive cardiac failure, renal failure, high sodium intake and cirrhosis of the liver. Also the type of anaesthesia used will contribute to the input/output of fluids. Wound drainage could be affected if the patient has an un-diagnosed clotting disorder, infection, or an amniotic embolism. A patient who has had multiple surgeries could also cause a lot of tissue damage and could increase the patients blood loss.
Cardiac case study Case Study #2 Professor: Methavichit Sandra Martin 10/01/2013 Case Study Questions: Myocardial Infarction 1. What is the significance of an elevated ST segment inversion on an EKG and the PVCs the nurse sees on the monitor? It is Hypoxic Injury. Rapid discharges that record on the monitor as back-to-back PVCs tells us that his heart is getting ischemia. Usually requires more aggressive treatment such as reperfusion therapy.
Compartment Syndrome ` Compartment syndrome is defined as an elevated pressure of tissue fluid in a closed osseofascial compartment of a limb that interferes with the circulation to the muscles and nerves of that compartment (Baxter and Rorrabeck, 1990). In 1909, Thomas reviewed the medical literature and noted the association of compartment syndrome with number of medical and surgical conditions including fractures, arterial injuries, embolus and external compression (peter, 2001). Brooks in 1922 through the precipitating event to be acute venous obstruction resulting in swelling and diminished tissue perfusion. During and shortly after World War II, a number of high velocity gunshots wounds with associated long bone fracture and arterial injury were noted to have developed acute compartment syndrome. The cause of compartment syndrome was thought to be acute arterial spasm, and attention was drowning toward relieving the arterial spasm rather than fasciotomy itself (Whittle, 2001).
Pregnant women are more likely to have complications because sickle cell anemia affects so many body systems. Some of the more life threatening complications are stroke, pulmonary hypertension, acute chest syndrome, and organ damage. A stroke can happen due to the sickle cells blocking the flow of blood to the brain which can lead to a seizure, slurred speech, loss of consciousness, and numb or weak legs and arms (Ernzen 1997). Acute chest syndrome can also be caused by the blocking of blood vessels in the lungs and make it very difficult for the pregnant women to breath which can prevent the baby from being properly
There are some imbalances that can occur when a patient is on dialysis. If the settings for the dialysis machine are not perfect the patient can become hypokalemic, hyperkalemic, hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hypocalcemia, hypercalcemia, hypochloremia, hyperchloremia, hyperphosphatemia and hypophosphatemia. All of these conditions can be life threatening if they are not caught and treated in a proper manor. All of these condition lead to an imbalance of electrolytes in the patient’s body. If there is an imbalance of electrolytes and is not treated there can be serious issues to arise.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Systemic lupus erythematosus commonly known as (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by acute and chronic inflammation of the body’s tissues. This autoimmune disease commonly involves complications or failure of the Heart, Kidney, Skin, Blood, ,Joints ,and Lungs. You may be wondering what an autoimmune disease is, it’s an illness that occurs when your body is being attacked by your very own immune system. SLE effects everyone in different ways. this form of lupus can cause payralization If lupus attacks the brain, it may cause seizures, leading to stroke-like paralysis and worse.