Hence, personality disorders are defined by experiences and behaviors that differ from societal norms and expectations. Those diagnosed with a personality disorder may experience difficulties in cognition, emotiveness, interpersonal functioning, or control of impulses. In general, personality disorders are diagnosed in 40–60
There must be significant impairment of scholastic or social functionality, and the features must not be more easily explained by a different disorder (Amer. Psychiatric Assoc., DSM-IV-TR, 4th ed., text rev.). While depression is a separate disorder from ADHD, there are some possible overlapping characteristics. Two possible symptoms of depression include psychomotor agitation, and impaired ability to concentrate or indecisiveness; these are also possible symptoms of ADHD (Amer. Psychiatric Assoc., DSM-IV-TR, 4th ed., text rev.).
The cognitive approach section c One assumption of the cognitive approach is that information received from our senses is processed by the brain and that this processing directs how we behave or justifies why we behave the way we do, internal mental processes such as memory, thinking, reasoning, language and problem solving are important features which influence human behaviour. Describe how the cognitive approach can explain autism/TOM The cognitive approach assumes that behavior, in this case autism, can be explained in terms of the way the mind operates. Baron-Cohen proposes that the core problem in autism is failure to develop a core cognitive skill: theory of mind skills, which everyone else develops automatically as they grow and mature. Baron-Cohen argues that having some difficulty in understanding other people’s points of view is the core feature and appears universal amongst individuals with autism. Autistic individuals have difficult in inferring a range of mental states in others such as emotions, imaginations.
1.2 Identify problems that individuals with an autistic spectrum condition may havein social interaction and relantionships Communication difficulties may contribute to autistic people becoming socially anxious or depressed or prone to self-injurious behaviours. Significant percentage of people with autism are being diagnosed with co-morbid mood, anxiety and compulsive disorders which may also contribute to behavioural and functioning challenges. 1.3 Outline the problems of inflexibility and restrictveness in activitie and interests and how these may affect individuals on the autistic spectrum Individuals with autism like routine, don't like change, find it difficult to interact with others, are very focused on what interests them (sometimes to the point of obsession) they can easily become anxious and distressed. This makes them inflexible (won't let you change anything, repeat the same actions
Constantine Bennett G1 Unit 14 Understand the legislation, regulations and policies that underpin the protection of vulnerable adults. * 1.1 Analyse the differences between the concept of safeguarding and the concept of protection in relation to vulnerable adults. Safeguarding practices are most commonly applied to children and young people under the age of 18. Key parts of legislation have recently been extended to include similar standards of protection to ‘vulnerable adults’. A vulnerable adult is a person defined as aged 18 or over, who either had a dependency on others or a requirement for assistance in the performance of basis function, a severe impairment in the ability to communicate with others, or has the reduced ability to protect themselves from assault or abuse or neglect.
Goldsmith & Linda A. LeBlanc, 2004) . ASDs vary substantially in the severity and nature of symptoms but are defined by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction as well as the presence of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior(Tina R. Goldsmith & Linda A. LeBlanc, 2004).Other than that, signs of autism include difficulty talking about personal feelings or understanding the feelings of others, disinclination to share or engage in reciprocal play with others, lack of eye contact and joint attention behavior, difficulty communicating or using language, and sensitivity to physical contact(Tina R. Goldsmith & Linda A. LeBlanc, 2004). Besides that, early intervention is critical for a positive long-term outcome, and many individuals need high levels of support throughout their lives such as treatments include applied behavior analysis in which positive and negative behaviors are encouraged and discouraged to improve social and communicative skills(Tina R. Goldsmith & Linda A. LeBlanc, 2004). Other approaches is focus on utilizing nonhuman partners to facilitate human-human social interaction, for instance, through pet-assisted therapy(Tina R. Goldsmith & Linda A. LeBlanc, 2004). Although computer-assisted therapy and virtual reality approaches have shown some success which is has been limited investigation of the parameters of the facilitative interactions and of the conditions necessary to generalize the benefits to interactions with human partners(Tina R. Goldsmith & Linda A. LeBlanc,
According to Strom (2006) “Autism is a neurological developmental disorder characterized by an impairment in social interactions, communications skills and in behavior” (¶1). The Autism spectrum is comprised of 4 disorders; Autism, Asperger’s Syndrome, Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDDNOS) and Childhood Disintegrative Disorder. Symptoms of Autism are varied and can “range from severely retarded to highly intelligent” (Strom, 2006). There are many behavioral symptoms of the Autistic individual as illustrated in the chart below. But not all Autistics exhibit every symptom; each individual is unique.
This is an evaluation used to test the child’s autism is severe or moderate. There’s also an Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. This is a tool that is used for diagnosing children with autism. It focuses on the childs communication skills and it detects it through there. Another thing that is similar to the ADOS is the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale.
2.1 Explain why it is important to find out an individual’s communication and language needs, wishes and preferences. Some people have communication difficulties, people with Autism, dementia or people who are physically unable to speak. In order to support individuals with communication difficulties their needs, need to be understood of the difficulties they face. It is really important to recognize that people are individuals. The way you communicate with mrs a will be different from the way you communicate with Mrs B.
CYP 3.2 1.1 Explain the factors that need to be taken into account when assessing development There are many factors that need to be taken into account when assessing development. Confidentiality and when, for the safety of the child or young person, confidentiality must be breached. You need to be mindful about the children’s wishes and feelings. You also need to be mindful about the child’s ethnic, linguistic and cultural background. You need to take into account if they have a disability or specific requirements (Additional needs).