68 PsychSim 5: Everybody’s Doing It! PsychSim 5: EVERYBODY’S DOING IT! Name: Section: B29 Date: This activity explores the issue of social influence—how the behavior of other people affects your behavior. Social Influence • What is conformity? Conformity is a type of social influence involving a change in belief or behavior in order to fit in with a group.
These screens can influence both the communicator and the receivers quality, accuracy and clarity of the message. The screens influence whether the message sent and the message received are the same or whether the message is distorted. Each person brings their own personal factors into interpersonal communications which include age, gender, beliefs and values, past experiences, cultural influences and the persons individual needs. The extent of which a perceptual screen is either open or closed can greatly influence both the sent and received message. 2.
In this process individuals compare their description of themselves as they are, with their description of themselves as they would like to become. Self-esteem depends then on the ability to live up to one's ideals. Self-esteem: The term self-esteem is used in psychology to describe a person's overall emotional evaluation of their own worthiness. The concept of self esteem assumes that the result of this reflection determines further the attitude towards the self, affecting the individual in aspects like motivation, attitudes, confidence and the overall emotional well being. Some theories suggest that self-esteem is a basic human need or motivation.
The term disposition refers to somebody’s beliefs, attitudes, and personality. When people attribute other people’s behaviour to external factors such as the immediate rewards and punishments in a social setting or social pressure, they are making a situational attribution. While making judgements about people’s behaviour, we tend to make errors. Attribution theory argues that people are more likely to explain another person’s actions by pointing to the dispositional factors, rather than to the situation. When people overestimate the role of dispositional factors in an individual’s behaviour and underestimate the situational factors, it is called the fundamental attribution error.
They paint pictures of people and form your identity in many ways. Stereotypes form our identity by molding an image into the minds of others. Stereotypes compel people to make the decisions they do and define a generalization of a group. Our identity is formed by the judgments others pass about us, as well as the assessments we create ourselves. A stereotype is associated with a group of people; for instance, college students.
The use of a survey could be used to determine a correlation. Using a survey to discover the various reactions people have to this situation would help determine whether a relationship exists between their social class and their personal status. Surveys work only to the extent that the
The three fundamental cognitive processes underlying social identity theory include categorization of our groups and other groups, identification of ourselves with the values and behavior of our groups, and comparison between us and other groups. The strength of Social Identity theory help explain our need to form social identities even only with minimum in common with the rest of the group. Tajfel’s (1971) ‘Minimal Group Study’ demonstrated this effect on Bristol schoolboys. The schoolboys were randomly assigned to two different groups, but they believed that they had been assigned to either of the groups because they had either over estimated or underestimated the dots shown on a screen. Tajfel found that the boys would try to maximize the difference between their group to the other group as a priority over gaining more points for their own group.
Introduction Recent work by Sherif Sherif cited in Miller and McGlashan Nicols (1953) has shown that with the regard to group norms theory (GNT) it can be explained “how individuals acquire belief systems and ideologies that support the prescription of prejudice” (Miller et el., 2008). This theory argues the differences of behaviour of people who is in-group and out-group. Being a member of an in-group gives rise to discrimination of people in out-group. The current research is the clear example of discrimination of people with body art(out-group), especially in employment. Moreover, as Ligos cited in Miller et el (2001) claimed that the discrimination associated with tattoos in the workplace also occur among those who also have body art.
Social psychologist observe human behavior and significance of influence by outside sources such as people, society, environment, and culture. Social psychologist focus on facts that underline human behavior in social settings and how individuals’ conduct him or herself under various conditions, thus, leading to behavior, actions, and feelings. According to Mcleod (2007), “Topics examined in social psychology include: the self-concept, social cognition, attribution theory, social influence, group processes, prejudice and discrimination, interpersonal processes, aggression, attitudes and stereotypes” (para. 3). Social Psychology
Although positivists prefer taking objective social facts into account, it is evident that they are subjective in the source of data they will use, or are bound to use. Interactionalists, on the other hand consider that the reality of social behaviour is to be found when individuals interact and create their own social experiences. They seek meaning, and probe into the beliefs of individuals acting together in groups. Interactionalists use qualitative data. This data deals with the quality of human experience.