Rutter investigated the effects of privation in Romanian orphans who had been brought to the UK after being raised in very poor institutions, having suffered extreme privation. Rutter found that from the children adopted from 6-12 months of age, 40% showed continuing mental deficits and impaired brain development. Deficits included autistic-like symptoms including a lack of guilt and inability to develop relationships. A follow up study showed at the age of 11 that while the orphan’s physical development had caught up quickly compared to the control group of UK adopted children, brain size caught up more slowly and while continuing improvement was still being shown, marked adverse cognitive effects were still present, suggesting that the consequences of privation aren’t completely irreversible. Interestingly in the Rutter study those who were adopted before the age of 6 months tended to show a more marked improvement compared to their older counterparts.
Child protection is part of the wider work to help safeguard and promote the welfare of children and young people, in regards to the activity that is used to protect children who are being abused or neglected. It involved protecting children from being mistreated. And prevent impairment of a child's development and health to ensure that they are raised in a positive way, and in a safe and caring environments. Parents and carers who fail to protect or care for their children might have to go to court, and they may have their child/children taken away from them and put into care. This doesn't happen very happen and each case varies on how critical and important the case was.
Some of the children remained at the institution while others had left and had to be either adopted or restored to their original families. Restored children were less likely to form attachments but adopted children were attached like normal children. However, both groups of ex institutionalised children had problems with peers. These findings suggest that early privation had a negative effect on the ability to form relationships even when given good emotional care. This supports Bowlby's theory of sensitive period.
The stranger then enters in an attempt to comfort the child then after a short while the mother would walk in and the stranger would leave inconspicuously. There results were as followed, Ainsworth found that 22% of the infants were avoidant-insecure, 66% were classed as having a secure attachment and 12% were resistant-insecure. In conclusion the study showed that there were three significant differences between infants and their form of attachment that can be placed in three categories. Also that the mother’s behavior may be significant in determining the infants attachment type as there was an association between the mother’s behavior and the child’s. Although this research has helped many psychologists (Erickson et al, Everett waters) with their experiments this one may not be very valid, because the results may not apply to infants with different cultures and beliefs, therefore we cannot generalize the results as it was only tested on middle-class US children.
CYPOP1.1 Development and Learning or Babies and Young Children We know that what children are born with and the experiences they have will shape their development. This means that whatever talent and skill a child is born with may not be realised unless the child has a chance to express this and is encouraged by adults. From the moment they are conceived a child’s development begins. The child’s features are decided genetically, although their height will also be affected by the child’s later environment and diet. Sometimes genetic information can be faulty, meaning the process at conception can sometimes be faulty.
Task 3: Describe with examples the kinds of influences that affect children and young people`s development including: a) background b) health c) environment a) Some children don`t experience a lot of support at home. Parents/Carers use the TV or Computer as a “babysitter” and don`t spend a lot of quality time with their children. Those children will fall behind in their development. Children need interactions with adults and other children to learn social and language skills. On the other hand there are parents that are very protective over their children.
Elizavette is his secure base and when she left the only way he knew how to handle the loss was to act out. When she would return he would cling to her because he needed that feeling of security but would hit or yell at her because he was also showing her that her leaving made him upset. I do not think there is any true answer to children who go through resistant attachment. I feel that everyone reacts to things in different ways and especially at a young age it is hard to reason or explain to them what is going on. I think that if you have two very patient and loving parents the child will learn to cope with it as he or she grows up, like in the case with Noah.
Here four child-rearing patterns were identified permissive: parents who are available as resources but non-intrusive, authoritative: parents who encourage rational explanation to promote independence, nonconformist: parents who provide only a child’s basic needs and are otherwise neglectful and authoritarian: parents who value forceful imposition and obedience. According to Baumrinds findings child-rearing pattens have significant influence on the way in which a child develops both socially and cognitively which “many researchers have confirmed” (oates, Lewis, Lamb pg 36). She also brought to attention the capacity of two-way influences between child-parent/primary caregiver relationships. This research could be portrayed as a modification to attachment theory as the “parenting style” the writer feels could also be seen as the “consistent experience of a certain kind of primary attachment relationship” which was at the very foundation of Bowlbsy attachment theory as he viewed this to be a key component in the development of the
If the child has had to change nurseries numerous times they could feel disorientated, they could become withdrawn and they could even regress. It is important to limit such changes in a child’s life at a young age as they are so easily effected by it. Supporting children correctly within their few days and/or weeks of transition into nursery is of utmost importance. Children may become very stressed and anxious during this time and in these cases tend to cry, be withdrawn and refuse to be involved in play and activities. There are many ways to assist the child to have a smooth
Early depressive symptoms were formed in the children but did not forecast current sleep problems. The families still function well with or without the dilemma. The article’s conclusion stated that persistence or recurrence of infants with sleep problems as toddlers is frequent and is linked to vaguely higher child behavior problems and depression among mothers. The outcomes propose