The patient is also receiving multiple courses of respiratory treatment, including vest therapy, cough assistance and nebulizer treatments. Hypoxemia: Abnormally low levels of oxygen in the blood. Hypoxemia may be mild to severe and leads to shortness of breath. Low blood oxygen can result from a variety of conditions that affect either the ability of the heart to pump blood to the lungs to receive oxygen or the function of the lungs themselves. Cerebral hypoxia can be caused by any event that severely
Bowel Obstruction A bowel obstruction happens when either your small or large intestine is partly or completely blocked. The blockage prevents food, fluids, and gas from moving through the intestines in the normal way, the blockage may cause severe pain that comes and goes. Bowel obstruction covers a blockage caused by tumors, scar tissue, or twisting or narrowing of the intestines. It does not cover ileus, which most commonly happens after surgery on the belly (abdominal surgery). Tumors, scar tissue (adhesions), or twisting or narrowing of the intestines can cause a bowel obstruction.
It is shaped like a loosely closed fist. It acts as a filter for the blood taking bacteria and other foreign organisms out of the blood helping prevent infection. However, it is possible to live without a spleen as other organs in the body partly take over its function. Life without a spleen? The main risk to health after a splenectomy is an infection such as septicaemia, as the blood is not being filtered as effectively as it should be.
Stroke Awareness Health Assessment The self-risk assessment I chose to complete was about strokes. A stroke occurs when blood supply to the brain is temporarily interrupted or disturbed. Being that the brain requires a constant flow of oxygen any interruptions could prove to be fatal. The two types of strokes are Ischemic or hemorrhagic. An ischemic stroke is typically caused by excess buildup of plague on the blood vessel walls that narrows blood flow dramatically.
C) Which structures found in the terminal bronchioles and alveoli normally would protect Cari’s lungs from infectious pathogens and particulate matter? There are macrophages presents (wandering phagocytes) that remove dust particles and other debris from the alveolar space. D) How would the resistance of Cari’s airways be affected by excess mucus and fluid in her lung? The lung capacity is decreased because the air space is already filled with mucus and fluids therefore she can’t take in enough oxygen. The extra mucus and fluids put extra pressure on the lungs.
CLD results from lung injury to newborns who must use a mechanical ventilator and extra oxygen for breathing. The lungs of premature babies are fragile and are easily damaged. With injury, the tissues inside the lungs become inflamed and can break down causing scarring. This scarring can result in difficulty breathing and increased oxygen needs. Some of the causes of lung injury include the following: •prematurity - the lungs, especially the air sacs, are not fully developed •low amounts of surfactant (a substance in the lungs that helps keep the tiny air sacs open) •oxygen use (high concentrations of oxygen can damage the cells of the lungs) •mechanical ventilation - the pressure of air from breathing machines, suctioning of the airways, use of an endotracheal tube (ET tube - a tube placed in the trachea and connected to a breathing machine) Who is affected by chronic lung disease?
Nasogastric tube also bypasses the lower esophageal sphincter and permits reflux. Dry mucous membranes and thick secretions is another complication. This is seen in patients with extended use of noninvasive ventilation. To prevent this from occurring, humidification for noninvasive ventilation devices should be provided along with daily oral care. Another complication that occurs is aspiration of gastric contents, especially if emesis occurs during noninvasive ventilation.
Atrial Fibrilation is described by Mayo Clinic as “an irregular and often rapid heart rate that commonly causes poor blood flow to the body.” “During atrial fibrillation, the heart's two upper chambers (the atria) beat chaotically and irregularly — out of coordination with the two lower chambers (the ventricles) of the heart. Atrial fibrillation symptoms often include heart palpitations, shortness of breath and weakness. Episodes of atrial fibrillation can come and go, or you may develop atrial fibrillation that doesn't go away and may require treatment. Although atrial fibrillation itself usually isn't life-threatening, it is a serious medical condition that sometimes requires emergency treatment. It can lead to complications.
The secondary cause is related to an existing infection or disease. Each of these are caused by different irritants that result in the same disruption of normal perfusion. The attacks on the lung lead to alveolar inflammation and edema that causes low ventilation and blood and fluid to be pushed into the capillaries. This leads to a stasis in the lung’s gas perfusion and creates a pressure that makes it harder for the individual to breath (Anatomical Chart Company, 2010, p. 100). The first signs and symptoms of any infection should immediately be put to the attention of the health care provider.
Growth of the fetus is likely to be insufficient and premature birth defects are more common with these drugs crossing the placenta, constricts the blood vessels reducing blood flow to the fetus (Agin, 2010). The reduce blood and oxygen supply to the fetus slows the growth of bones and intestine. The use of over the counter drugs and prescription drugs can act directly on the fetus causing damage and abnormal development leading to birth defect and death. It can also cause the muscles of the uterus to contact forcefully, reducing the blood to trigger pre-term labor and delivery (Agin,