How did the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 change the sentencing process for young people? The 1999 Criminal Evidence Act was introduced for the following reasons; to provide for the referral of offenders under 18 to youth offender panels; to make provision in connection with the giving of evidence or information for the purposes of criminal proceedings; to amend section 51 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994; to make pre-consolidation amendments relating to youth justice; and for connected purposes.’ [27th July 1999] The Act is about improving the effectiveness of the youth court and preventing offending by children and young people. This is now the principal aim of the youth justice system. Changes to the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act gave further reforms to the youth court, these changes created a new sentence of referral to a youth offender panel, known as a Referral Order. A Referral Order will be available for young people convicted for the first time and its primary aim is to prevent re-offending.
I aim to highlight how ‘Pathways Theory’ influences the Youth Justice System coupled with the Scaled approach furthermore my knowledge and understanding of offending behaviour as a Youth Offending Officer within my practice, that of my team. Finally I will conclude by assessing the relevance of ‘Pathways Theory’ within youth justice practice. ‘Pathways Theory’ within the youth justice system is research based on criminogenic need and risk classification analysing children and young people at risk of offending and re-offending and their journeys into and out of crime. This research focuses on risk factors which may contribute to offending behaviour during the transition from childhood to adulthood and identifies why children and young people subjected to equivalent risk factors are more susceptible to a lifestyle of offending and why others are more resilient. James & Prout (1997) (cited in France and Homel, p.297) argues that the complexity of childhood is underrated by general approaches, as it is influenced by historical trends, political processes and social contexts.
Criminal Justice Policy Process Amber Pickett AJS/582 February 4, 2013 Joseph Gutheinz Abstract This manuscript will describe the criminal justice policy process. The manuscript will also include the key actors in the criminal justice policy process, the steps involved in the criminal justice policy process, and suggestions to improve the criminal justice policy process. Criminal Justice Policy Process Crime control policies, protocols, standards, and guidelines are the efforts of the government to protect society from criminals by reducing crime through initiating policies to control criminal justice issues. The actors of the criminal justice policy process unite to determine what laws and policies can make society a safe place for everyone (Marion & Oliver, 2012). The criminal justice policy process reflects what is best for society as a whole and not what is best for individuals.
How can criminal behaviour be learnt from others? (10) Our surrounding environment and those around us have always been key influences on how we behave. Seeing other behave in the ways they do forces us to learn this behaviour and then maybe even imitate it ourselves. This can be the case for all behaviours, even criminal behaviour. Bandura’s experiment on children being exposed to aggressive behaviour and therefore imitating this behaviour is somehow evidence to show that on some occasions, behaviour can be learnt.
This study will also try to offer suggestions as to how further studies can be improved and how to solve the problem of juvenile delinquency. It will also present some of the limitations that can be faced when conducting studies on this topic of juvenile delinquency. Definition of terms Juvenile delinquency- this is the broad-based term given to juveniles who commit crimes. Juveniles are defined as individuals who haven’t reached adulthood or the age of majority. (http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-juvenile-delinquency.htm) Delinquency- this is defined as, failure or omission of duty; a fault; a misdeed; an offense; a misdemeanor; a crime.
This because such children who have records of crime develop to become uncontrollable gangs in the society. In this view, the government has dedicated a lot of resources to rehabilitative projects in order to reduce these numbers. In addition, a number of intervention measures have been engaged to help the society to control criminal delinquents. However, there is still much to be done. In this article, we shall evaluate the effectiveness of the measures that have been taken to control the children and adolescents who have a high risk of future offending.
Some of these agencies are: * The NSPCC - "National Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Children" This organisation gives support and advice to children and young people through childline. The NSPCC also provides information for parents in order to help them to protect their children from abuse, self harm etc. They also have projects in local communities that gives services for children to protect them from abuse as well protecting children who might be at risk of abuse. * Criminal Records Bureau ( CRB ) The Criminal records Bureau is an organisation that carries out checks on anyone who wants to work with children, young people or elderly people. * The child Exploitation Online Protection (CEOP) This organisation runs an internet safety scheme called think you know.
Guide youth in making informed and intelligent decisions about their future. Teen Court is a program funded by the Governor’s Crime Commission, to serve youth between the ages of 10-17 who are first-time offenders to a non-violent, misdemeanor offense. It promotes accountability, community safety, and communication skills; while reducing juvenile
Criminal Profiling August 13, 2012 CJ230 Police operations and Administration Criminal Profiling Criminal profiling defines as the investigation of a crime with the hope of identifying the responsible party, based on crime scene analysis, investigative psychology and behavioral evidence analysis. Many claim that criminal profiling is a science or an art. Criminal profiling’s use helps law enforcement make positive evaluations. Behavioral scientists and criminologists use the criminal profiling technique to examine criminal behavior. In the future criminal profiling will go further to help investigations and help in the predictions for future actions of criminals.
Youth Violence 1 Learning Objectives • Define and describe the scope and some types of Youth Violence (YV) • Describe the consequences of youth violence • Describe risk and protective factors (at the individual, relationship, community and societal levels) • Describe the relationship between youth violence and other forms of violence • Identify resources for further study Youth Violence 2 This module on youth violence is part of a series of lessons on the Scope of the Violence Problem. After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •Define and describe the scope and some of the types of Youth Violence (YV) •Describe the consequences of youth violence •Describe risk and protective factors (at the individual, relationship, community and societal levels). •Describe the relationship between youth violence and some other forms of violence. •Find other resources for further study You are encouraged to view the other presentations in this module on the scope of other types of violence. 2 Definition of Youth Violence Youth violence is defined as: “The intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, exerted by or against children, adolescents or young adults, ages 10–29, which results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation” (Mercy et al.