Because of this, the family is very important as a socialising agency, as it teaches children what is right and what is wrong within our society, as well as norms and values, through using things such as sanctions to guide and control this learning process. The family links to the second socialising agency I will be looking at -- education, in the way that education is seen as taking over from the family as the main socialising agency by the functionalists (Talcott Parsons). Education is a form of secondary socialisation, important in how pupils are taught the culture of their society through mostly humanities subjects such as history and religious studies. Pupils also are also socialised how to act in certain situations, preparing them for the workplace. So, what do the
Does Social Norm shape our Personality? Andrew Lansley, a British Conservative politician, once said, “Peer pressure and social norms are a powerful influence on behavior” (Brainy Quote, 2015). Personally, I think this quote portrays the structure of society we are living in right now: people imitate others, as they don’t want to be left alone. Frankly, people nowadays are acting and thinking similarly because of the social norms that are enforced upon them from when was young. The idea of social norms and common beliefs have become part our life, which are causing people to think similarly in making a decision.
A way in which the family teaches a child certain norms is through manipulation and canalisation (according to Oakley) as particular toys and sayings are enforced on the child depending on their sex. For example, a girl will be given a doll or a play kitchen which introduces traditional feminine ways of life, the housewife and mother. Whereas, boys will be given a football or toolkit which helps to form hegemonic (traditional) masculinity traits. In addition, boys are encouraged to be tough and told not to cry whereas girls are encouraged to be more emotional. Certain behaviours can be controlled through rewards and sanctions e.g.
Keywords: sociological imagination/perspective, theoretical perspectives, socialization, social institutions, social trends Core Assessment: Social Imagination Part 1: Sociological Perspective Sociological perspective stresses the social contexts in which people live. It examines how these contexts influence people’s lives. At the center of the sociological perspective is the question of how groups influence people, especially how
Critically examine factors and theories surrounding relationships A society is a system of interrelationships. Relationships are very important for human survival and development but also are complex to understand. The psychologists have researched, studied and developed theories on how they are formed, maintained, and dissolved. People initiate relationships with people who inspired them with positive feelings. Around the formation of relationships there are many theories such as the filter theory, the matching hypotheses, social-biological theory and the reinforcement-affect theory.
There are several contributing factors that play a role during these developmental stages such as; biological or physical elements, social status, and cultural influences. It will be defined how these factors influence middle childhood and early adolescent development. Sociological Factors Social interactions are critically important with establishing self-concept and identity during middle childhood and early adolescence. It is during the middle childhood that relationships with school peers are developed and begins the process for establishing social skills and self-esteem. Broderick & Blewitt (2015) define social comparison as comparing someone else’s abilities with their own, and this is a common practice during middle childhood and early adolescence.
Examine the argument that social identities are often characterised by inequality. Introduction There are many ways to look at identity and what it means for us as an individual and as a social group. A Social identity is given by connections to other people and social situations. Some of these identities are given to the immediate situation which is liable to change. However it’s when others choose an identity for an individual or a group because of their circumstances that we get negative value identity or in equal identity.
Outline social factors that may influence gender roles. (8 marks) Bandura’s social learning theory suggests gender roles are learnt through observation of ‘social agents’ such as parents, peers and teachers as well as the media. This theory is based on the principles of operant conditioning with children being rewarded for behaving in their own gender and being punished for behaving inappropriately. An example of this is if a young boy is playing with dolls, he may be told off and explained to that it is wrong, likewise, a girl playing with cars and guns will told of or shouted at in the same way. Social agents model the appropriate gender specific behaviours; children observe these behaviours and learn the consequences for behaving inappropriately through vicarious reinforcement.
Sociologists have developed different perspectives to explain why racial and ethnic inequality occurs and why they persist. These perspectives include theories based on functionalism, conflict, symbolic interactionism, and feminism. Symbolic interaction theorists look at two issues in relation to race and ethnicity. First, they look at the role of social interaction and how it reduces racial and ethnic hostility. Second, they look at how race and ethnicity are socially constructed.
How do they influence current practice? Cognitive – Jean Piaget | Main points of theory Piaget’s theory is sometimes referred to as a “constructive approach” because he suggested that children constructed or built up their thoughts according to their experiences of the world around them. He uses the term ‘schema’ to refer to a child’s conclusions or thoughts. He felt that learning was ongoing process with children needing to adapt (hence Piaget’s term ‘adaption) | Explain how does this theory influence current practice? If a parent was expecting a baby and maybe the other child wasn’t happy about it, we as a setting we could do role play with the dolls making references to when you have a baby brother or sister you could help mummy, you can cuddle the baby etc.