Prostitution raises many ethical issues from it being immoral because it tends to involve coercion, prostitution can be exploitive, it is degrading and involves violence/HIV. However, on the other side of the board, many people feel prostitution is an American freedom, a victimless crime and should be legal. One reason given as to why prostitution is immoral is that it tends to involve coercion. In most cases, people do not freely decide to become prostitutes. Sometimes, they are driven to the profession by desperation and a lack of other employment opportunities.
Why are female murderers represented so differently to men in broadcast fiction and news media? Female murderers are seen as more extraordinary and deviant than their male counterpart. Assumptions about gender roles and the ‘correct’ behaviour for men and women are reflected in how the media report crime and criminals, it is reflected in their use of stereotypical views of women. Bronwyn Taylor in (Marsh and Melville, 2010) researched how crime was reported in the print media and found significant differences between male and female criminals in the way their crimes were reported, the crimes themselves and the seriousness of them. Where females were the offenders, the emotional and irrational nature of the crime were outlined whereas for males the violence was made to seem ‘normal.’ Words such as ‘unnatural’ ‘unfeminine’ and ‘sadistic’ are boldly written in newspaper headlines when describing crimes committed by females, their appearances and lifestyles, unlike their male counterparts, are also of major interest.
This means that their crimes, such as poisoning and infanticide, are less easily uncovered (item A) leading to women being underrepresented in criminal statistics. The chivalry thesis claims that women will be treated more leniently for committing certain crimes, generally shoplifting is often associated more with females than males, but the statistics suggest that males commit many more acts of theft than women, and this may be because females are let off with a warning rather than a conviction. This could be because the statistics of crime are so male dominated; a police officer may not think convicting a woman of petty theft is worth it. Similarly, men are more likely to be convicted of theft because the criminal justice system seemingly victimises males over females, while it is probably more likely that males are more likely to commit crime than females, the gap between the crime rates according to gender may not be as large as first assumed. It is also possible that female occurrences of shoplifting, as Pollak argues, never even come to the attention of the authorities, again because more often than
In public, women are controlled by the male use of force and violence, based upon the idea of holding onto a ‘good reputation’. Women often choose not to go out in public places after dark due to their fear of being attacked or raped. Heidensohn argues that the consequence of this control is that women have fewer opportunities to commit crime, whereas men have a lot more opportunity. A common criticism of Heidensohn is that she makes women seem passive and fully accepting of their situation which is not the case. This was demonstrated by the strength of the Feminist movement in the 1960s and the 1970s.
If women become judges it is because they have the knowledge and experience to be what they are. These judges know how women can be they have worked with them for many years before becoming judges. Female judges are fairer than male judges when it comes to sentencing. Female judges protect female offenders less, male judges tend to be more chivalry towards women offender many of them are not aware of it, because of their chivalry desire to protect women which has become so engrained (Sarnikar, Sorensen, & Oaxaca, 2007). Female judges are less protective of female offenders because they do their jobs as judges and not as a female civilian.
Coleman testified at the Los Angeles trial as an expert witness. This showed that the courts were applying the same standards to lesbian relationships as to heterosexual relationships. It is important because under California law, felony domestic violence charges can be filed if violence takes place between members of the opposite sex, but only misdemeanor charges if the domestic abuse occurs between members of the same sex. Garcia points out that lesbians face additional problems because of the homophobic nature of society which ignores or minimizes two women fighting as opposed to a man hitting a woman. Lesbians like to think that they have more loving, caring relationships than heterosexual couples, says Coleman.
In this essay I am going to be assessing the patterns of crime committed by males and females, I will be looking into explanation of female conformity, explanations of female crime and male crime and finally if the law is sexist i.e. does chivalry exist. Official statistics claim that gender is a very important factor contributing towards crime as they show that women are less like to commit criminal behaviour or put in prison then men, this is supported by the fact that 80% of offenders are male, this can be due to many factors such as the biology in men which may lead to increased violence and stereotypes that may affect crimes reported, I will later assess these issues. Males are also more likely to reoffend and be serious sex offenders. However we must be aware that these official statistics are not accurate due to the selective law enforcement, where men are targeted more often as they fit the stereotype of a criminal which leads onto the chivalry factor where men have protective attitudes towards women.
I believe this is not only true for the women’s stories in this book, but true for all women. It is very hard for to pick one particular story within this book that touched me the most, they were all powerful and had such interesting details. However in chapter two “Prohibition and Prostitution” they speak about how people get away with enslaving and trafficking village girls. The idea is to crush modern slavery, but for political reasons this does not always happen. It is known that crackdowns do exist and with the right help, training and rehabilitations these girls and women can feel they have purpose and worth.
For example, there are many cases in the first several stories of Arabian Nights when women are disloyal and evil, but there are also stories about the wrong of men. This is because Shahrazad wanted to balance human wrong and she attempts to expose the wrongs of both sexes equally. According to feminism, the women's and men's rights are equal. So, she tried to explain that women can also make mistakes as men and it is not right that they take into account only women's mistakes (Smith, 1).
The most serious crimes resulted in capital punishment. In addition, forced labor and the equivalent of prostitution was a common kind of punishment enforced on females. Attitudes toward crime and punishment historically have been informed by prevailing ideas about class, gender, race, and nation. Most crimes during these times were non-violent. Activities that would be considered criminal in the 1700s would not be considered a crime today.