Trotsky described war as the ‘locomotive of history’. How far can it be argued that change in Russia in the period 1855-1964 was caused only by involvement in wars? During this period the biggest change that happened was the move from Tsarist autocracy to communist dictatorship as well as the short lived provisional government, which was a form of democracy. Furthermore there were changes to economic policy, which had a great impact on society. The wars that occurred did bring change but were not the only causes of change.
During the period 1812- 1822 many radical threats occurred and historians have been split on the level of seriousness they posed. Luddism arose from the recent development of machinery over taking people’s jobs and so people, known as ‘luddites’, would go round the country making a series of attacks on mills, breaking machinery. The nature of these Luddite disturbances has been the subject of debate within historians with three main view points emerging. Firstly, the Luddites were industrial hooligans, secondly that Luddism had purely economic origins and aims and finally Luddism had political as well as economic aims. The first two interpretations wouldn’t have directly effected Liverpool’s government; however, the final interpretation stating it may have had political as well as economic aims, leads people to think this may have been a serious radical challenge to Liverpool’s government.
As for accuracy, its impact was immediately felt, for at the battles of Alman and Inkerman, one bullet in sixteen took effect, whereas at the battle of waterloo in 1815, one bullet in 459 was able to find a target. When the men who carried this new weapon were deployed in a line, they were able to bring the maximum amount of firepower on their opponents, who not only used column formation, but were also outgunned. The Russian infantry
Do you agree with the view that the Great War resulted in a revolution in the art of warfare for the British army? Throughout the First World War, there were numerous technological and tactical advances, many of which had not been seen or used by military forces before. Between the start of the war in 1914 and the end of the war in 1918, the changes in tactics and technology was huge, thus creating a new never before seen type of warfare. From looking at the sources, we can see both sources 7 and 8 agree with the view that the Great war resulted in a revolution in the art of warfare, whereas source 9 disagrees. As we see in source 7, Captain D. Kelly states ‘The attack gave a striking proof of the also make mentions of the advancements of the British army’.
a) Explain why state control over society increased in the years 1914-1916. (12 marks) When Britain first entered World War 1 in August 1914, no one envisaged what lay ahead- the predictions were a short, sharp, victorious war that would be over by Christmas, and so the Liberals operated a “business as normal” policy at first. However, it soon became apparent that the war was going to be much longer, and consequently a “business as normal” policy simply wasn’t possible. So, state control over almost every aspect of people’s lives increased in 1914-1916 due to political, economic and military reasons. The first and foremost reason as to why state control over society increased in the years 1914-1916 is because the war was the closest to global proportions anyone had ever seen.
How would you characterize the expansion of industry throughout Europe during the early 1800s? The only European country that industrialized in the early 1800s was Britain;continental Europe didn't industrialize until the second half of the 19th century,during what was known as the Second Industrial Revolution. Industrialization revolutionized every aspect of society worldwide. How did industrialization shift the world balance of power? Industrialization greatly affected the balance of power in the world.
After The World War 1 had ended America was finally beginning to return to normalcy. The idea of Isolationism and the outlaw of War with wall nations began to shape the foreign policy for the United States. Although the world was as peace during the 1920’s it was not soon enough that Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union would spark another World War. Due to Political, social and economic changes during 1920-1941 the foreign policy of the United States would dramatically change. Isolationism , the made idea in the early 1920’s was changed after the course of World War 2, and urge to engage in world affairs made America the leading power in the world.
At the beginning of World War I America attempted to stay neutral and focus on asserting their dominance throughout the western hemisphere, but as the war progressed it became clearer that America wanted and needed to enter the war. While many things had a profound impact on America’s entrance into WWI, American economic interests, Woodrow Wilson’s idealism, and American claim to world power, weighed heavily on the final decision to declare war on Germany. War provides a great opportunity for economic and industrial growth, a chance to change, and claim world power, as long as the country wins the war. American economic benefits of the war were not as prominent a factor as others, but nevertheless it did affect America’s decision to declare war. The economic side effects of entering a war can be beneficial to a country.
Title Page The War that Made America US History to 1877 It is accurate to say that the French and Indian War shaped America. When the war was being fought, several key things transpired to help develop this country: the colonists defined their own identity as a community, conflicts between colonists and Britain escalated, and the relationship between America and Britain strained as the colonist grew tired of unfair treatment. These three factors vitally changed how the colonists responded to various taxes that Britain imposed upon them. The first two years of the war was close to a “catastrophe” for Britain. In order for Britain to win the war, they needed to alter their war strategies.
This stayed significant thought in the mind of commanders until 1916, when opposing troops gained the belief that if the cavalry was going to be used, it would only be possible if they could break through a reasonably sized section of the opposition. These beliefs started to retreat after the battles of Verdun and the Sommes in 1916. This was the first time which only completely industrialized nations were at war; due to the breakthrough of the industrial revolution supply troops, war arsenal, weapons etc. were easily transported to the war front via railway. The railway played a major role.