However, in other respects nationalism can be characterised by its significant divisions, this makes nationalism appear to be a collection of distinct and in some respects, sharply conflicting sub-strands. Firstly, nationalism can generally be viewed as a single doctrine due to each strands core belief in the cultural group/nation state as the supreme principle of political organisation in society. A general support of political nationalism throughout each strand of nationalism also suggests that it comprises of a single doctrine. For example, each strand (eg. Liberal, conservative) regard the nation as a natural political community, usually expressed through the idea of self determination, specifically in relation to liberal nationalism.
Introduction Nationalism The concept “nationalism” has different meanings relating to various types of analysis: nationalism as an ideology, a movement, the process of “nation” and “nation-state” building, and an individual’s political orientation. However what is important of nationalism (then any other political ideology) is that the origin of an ideology is the intersection of history and politics, in other words, the origin of an ideology is the mirror image of the identity of its subject, whether it is the human individual, the social class or the nation. Therefore examining origins of ideology require the use of history, which gives the historical character of nationalism. The opinion of national origin lives at the heart of the nationalist claim to power, claiming to define the truth of its authority and the legitimacy of its struggle for freedom and independence. However the origin of nationalisms is questionable in terms of historicity of the nation so that one can establish its authority and legitimacy as a political subject.
A more neutral view of ideology is that it is synonymous to our worldview. An ideology held by a person correspond to their respective interest and position in life. What makes and ideology more critical is when it takes a pejorative view where social relations of power are produced. Another view of ideology is by the post-structuralist theory. This view claims that a person’s ideology or idea have the utmost claim to the truth and that it is ulterior ideology is coded “will to power”.
Liberal internationalism Two main bases; The first is the fear of and international ‘state of nature’ Idea that self-determination is a mixed blessing, While preserves self-government it creates a world of sovereign nation states controlling own freedoms and interests, possibly at the extent of other nations. In conditions of international anarchy, self-restraint may not be enough to ensure enduring peace. Two forms of prevention have been proposed First being international independence with the intention of promoting cooperation; (this is why liberal s support free trade between free nations) material cost would be huge in conflict, war would therefore be unthinkable. Libs also proposed a supernatural body/ bodies to bring order to otherwise lawless international structure. Seen in social contract theory; government is the solution to problem of disorder.
As people from all walks of life commonly interchange the terms race and ethnicity one must wonder what distinguishes the two from each other. Ethnicity is a subjective belief that people share a common descent, based on cultural similarities. Race, on the other hand, is the subjective belief that people share a common descent, based on physical traits. Furthermore race is described as a social construct, or a social phenomenon that was invented by human beings and is shaped by the social forces present in the time and place of its creation. Much like religious groups, race is real but not biological in the sense that a complex array of social processes go into making a person a member of a particular religious group as holds true for race.
Nationalism refers to the feeling of oneness and solidarity that individuals have when it comes to achieving goals that are central to the benefit of the nation. Nationalist terrorism is thus a form of terrorism that takes its roots from, and is motivated, by patriotic fervor. Those who are engage in nationalist terrorism most often seek self determination in some form or the other – ranging from more autonomy to the establishment of an independent, complete sovereign state. The concept could include politics, ideology – but there is a clear, distinct orientation towards the ‘nation. “The patriotic feeling of loyalty to one's national ties can take different forms depending upon the economic and cultural context” (ETHNO-NATIONALIST TERRORISM, 2012).
Negative Effects of Nationalism Nationalism is when a country considers itself superior in comparison to other countries. It is a devotion to ones culture and beliefs. Nationalism began in the 17th and 18th century, simply because there was no such thing as loyalty to ones country but only loyalty to the “crown”. Although nationalism is a force that gives people a sense of community and inspires love for ones country, it is dangerous and can also inspire malicious acts. The main type of nationalism is ethnocentric nationalism, the idea that a certain nation is of higher rank over other nations and races.
Social or modern liberalism is liberalism which focuses on social and economic issues while ensuring individual freedom, and Naziism, which is a form of socialism featuring racism, Expansionism and obedience to a strong leader. Examples of cultural and social Ideologies are Equality of opportunity, which is an ideology that wishes to eliminate discrimination that is based on age, gender, color, race, national origin, religion, and disabilities that include physical and mental disabilities. Work ethic is a set of beliefs that focus on the moral virtue of work and they way work can lead to a stronger character. The aim of this piece is to explain how and why these factors may change the way an individual reacts to a given media text. The media text that will be used is the ‘spooks’ scene from Grand Torino.
There is no use denying the fact that society of any state is not homogenous. It is comprised of a great number of different people who have their mentalities and beliefs. However, there is one thing which unites all these people. It is the national idea, the thing which determines the appearance of certain values and priorities within the nation. That is why, for a multicultural state it is extremely vital to create the basis for beneficial l and efficient coexistence of different groups of people.
We see society as varying into different divisions but we can all be seen as one race, the human race. Race is more than just the visual elements of an individual and their heritage, race can be explained as a way of separating society based on these things, as well as cultural practices and beliefs. Race develops as more than just the physical differences of one society from the next, cultural beliefs and traditions tell just as much if not more about an individual race than skin tone or physicality. Race is the idea and devise of separating settled people in order to control, divide and rank. This tactic was used by colonial powers during expansion and conquest by western Europeans beginning 1400s.