Description In Siren Songs: Gender, Audiences, and Narrators in the Odyssey, Lillian Eileen Doherty shows us that the attitude of Odysseus, as well as of the Odyssey, is highly ambivalent toward women. Odysseus rewards supportive female characters by treating them as privileged members of the audience for his own tales. At the same time, dangerous female narrators--who threaten to disrupt or revise the hero's story--are discredited by the narrative framework in which their stories appear. Siren Songs synthesizes audience-oriented and narratological approaches, and examines the relationships among three kinds of audiences: internal, implied, and actual. The author prefaces her own reading of the Odyssey with an analysis of the issues posed by the earlier feminist readings on which she builds.
By using strong word choices, Mairs comes to terms with the words used to describe “cripple,” by displaying her strength and admittance to her existence as a cripple. She believes in the use of words describing cripple, and wants people to use the word precisely to label her disability. Moreover, the author uses figurative language to explicate appropriate words used to label her disability. The inaccurate use of words depicting her disability is
The article clarifies how genders react to metamessages as well as how they can retrieve them and apply them to their daily conversations. Tannen explains how women retrieve metamessages into negative ways while men are more literal in their words. Her article states that metamessages can be found through silence, body language, listening signals, the misuse of pronouns, even regular conversations. Tannen explains the essential role metamessages play in relationships by exploring genders from their childhood friendships to their “cultural differences” and how they affect the communication in their intimate relationships (200). Tannen’s article is based on her theory of relations between men and women which states that men tend to be more literal about words while women, listen for metamessages in conversations.
- to avoid preconceptions whereas men can make superficial decisions ranging incomparably narrow. In addition, Tannen suggests an example where women can be simply judged based on their titles - “Ms.” and “Mrs.” Tannen adds on by referring to Ralph Fasold’s research that it is actually the male that is marked. She writes, “Fasold points out that girls are born with fully female bodies, while boys are born with modified female bodies.” Tannen admits that she herself who is writing about the inequality between genders could be seen as a feminist, yet doubted that anyone would put that label on Fasold. Tannen concludes that she is unhappy about women not having the freedom to be unmarked as men had. Some days she just wants to get dressed and go about her business.
Simone was referring to how females of the female sex assume the feminine gender-gender meaning the restrictive, socially prescribed attitudes and behaviors that we associate with femininity. Not the same but similar….. 1. Feminist and gender criticism are not exactly the same, but also are not opposites. They exist along a line of attitudes towards sex and sexism, sexuality and gender, language and the literary canon. Distinctions of Difference…… 2.
Language conveys cultural values and affects our perceptions of women and men. The English language often trivializes or diminishes women and things defined as feminine. Throughout history words used to describe women have had, and have, negative connotations. Typically, words referring to males have positive associations of power, prestige, and leadership. On the other hand, words related to women carry negative undertones of weakness, inferiority, or immaturity.
What is the Woman’s Language? It has been suggested that there is such a thing as a woman’s language. Something in the structure of the writing, something about the word choice in the writing, or something about the topics addressed in the writing seems to set the language written by women apart from the language prepared by men - thus creating a woman’s language. Professor of Theatre, Susan Russell, suggests the possibility that a man’s language concentrates on the physical while a woman’s language may concentrate on the emotional. What begs resistance is the idea: is that all?
In this paper, I will argue for Butler’s view on how certain gender performance is restricted in these numerous fields, and how Ms. Butler would object to these various situations. In the opening statement of Gender Trouble, Butler states, “feminist theory has assumed that there is some existing identity, understood through the category of women, who initiates feminist interests and goals.” (CITE GENDER TROUBLE PAGE 1 HERE) By this quote, she explains that feminist theory created the problem that it represents, while at the same time preventing its own progression. She supports this claim with her primary example of gender restriction in the field of representation in politics. Although this problem has no surefire resolution, it is suggested that in order for women to have true political visibility, the development of an identity that truly represents one as an individual is key. Butler suggests the following theory as a solution to these multifaceted complications.
Media represent gender in three different themes. To start with, women are underrepresented which implies that men are more superior and women less important or invincible according cultural standard. Secondly, women and men are stereotypically portrayed in a manner that mirror and uphold socially endorsed views of race and gender. The third theme is the depictions of the relationship between women and men accentuate traditional roles and normalize violence against women. The major way in which media disfigures reality is through underrepresentation of women in the media.
Sex-role stereotypes are magnified in male-dominant firms and are harmful to women psychologically as stereotypes generate violence and gender inequality that is a form of exclusion (Forret & Dougherty, 2004). Stereotypes place women in a subordinate position to men in a patriarchal and sexist model in which their function is to serve the other and not to lead (Llopis, 2006). Men can handily adjust to male-dominated structures because they can read masculine culture better than women and because their peers are just as them. Increasing internal visibility is greatly related to the number of promotions and total compensation for men but not for women. There can be several explanations but one explanation might be that the work assignments