*Opportunity was there for example if USA had backed Venezuela over border dispute in interests of that Latin American country rather than the British independent of any Anglo-American rivalries (b/t England & the USA) that existed at the time In 1904, the Russo-Japanese War started b/c – Russia sought ice-free ports in Chinese Manchuria. TR became involved when the Japanese, who were seriously winning – they sank the entire Russian Baltic fleet which steamed all the way from the Baltic around Africa to off the coast of Japan to be completely destroyed by the Japanese Imperial Navy – way more modern than Russian navy at the time. Japan asked for help b/c they were running out of “Men and Yen” (soldiers & $). Pres TR organized a conference at Portsmouth, New Hampshire in 1905 to mediate an end to the war. He also helped arrange an international conference in Algrecias, Spain in 1906 over North African conflicts.
Cruelty- terrify cities into surrender- killed everyone in the city in revenge for murdering Mongol traders- cities would surrender and pay tribute rather than face the Mongol fighters. III. Khanates- ruled by Ogadai (title Great Khan) Pushed as far as Venice and Vienna, leveled Kiev- was on a roll but died in 1260 A. Khanate of the Great Khan- Mongolia and China B. Khanate of Chagatai- Central Asia C. The Ilkhanate- Persia D. Khanate of the Golden Horde-Russia IV. Kublai Khan- takes the title of Great Khan and completes his promise to grandfather that he will conqueror China A. Yuan dynasty- 1279-1368 A.D.- First foreign power to rule China 1. united China for the 1st time in 300 years 2. Mongol control led to greater foreign trade and contact 3. tolerated Chinese culture and made few changes to government B.
- Battle for Quebec was fought on the Plains of Abraham. - Around 1760 Spain entered the war on the side of France; William Pitt payed Prussians to fight for Britain. When France lost and Spain was left holding the bag. WHen the negotiations of the treaties Britain asked for Florida from Spain in exchange for Cuba. *British also got the country of India* -1762: British forces invaded Cuba and took it over.
General Juan Alvarez launched a coup and after capturing the capital named himself president and made Juárez the Minister of Justice. He passed laws limiting the church’s power and in 1857 he became Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. That same year a new constitution was passed. This new constitution created a war between the liberals and conservatives and in December, conservative general Felix Zuloaga overthrew the government. Juárez was arrested and when he was released from prison he went to Guanajuato, made himself president and declared war.
Battle of Alamein for control of Egypt. Allies kicked out the germans from egpyt and the germans fleed to central and western north Africa. Operation torch was allies were going to invade north Africa and it was successful and they controlled North Africa Stalingrad-destruction of cities by Germans. Germans and Soviet soldiers fought block for block for control. Stalin view was won’t let the city do whatever you have to do.Soviet counterattacked and Hitler said surrender was forbidden.
Ming China and Japan 1450-1750 * Last native Chinese dynasty Foundations * After the failure of Japanese invasion revolts began against Yuan dynasty a.Quality of Mongol power was gone * Zhu Yuanzhuang declared Hongwu emporer * White washed Mongols out of China -Tried to remove all traces of Mongols FOREIGNERNS BEGAN TO WONDER… Organization -Political reforms a. there was a fear of conspiracy (against emperor=led to oppression) b. Mass faultfinders c. Rebuilt Nanjing (capitol in S China) -Economic reforms a. gave land to the peasant (they were free of feudal traditions) b. there was a surplus production (wealth of landlords increased while taxes decreased) Return of scholar gentry -civil service exam was revived
14 Mongol Domination in Eastern Eurasia Mongol Conquest * Khubilai declared himself Great Khan after Ogodeis death * Jagai did not accept him-> destroyed Karakorum (old capital) * Made new Capital at Bejing and set up Yuan Empire * Yuan * To unify china had to fight people * Destroyed Southern Song and then Annam and then invaded Champa * Tried getting Java -> Unsuccessful The Yuan Empire * Khubilai Khan * Made China Like him by Confucianism giving his son a Chinese name, etc * Focuse Laws around Confucian Thoughts * Made Beijing Capital * Strategic point for trade (routes protected by imperial gaurds * Reunited China * Mongols did not copy old Chinese gov style * Taxing -> tax farming * Brought Persians, Arabs, Uigurs and Turkic people to be administrators * Increased trade * Tried to use paper money to help economic issues. Increase in copper coins * Mandarin becomes official lang under mongols * Legal status – Determined by when you were conquered 1. Mongols – Warrors 2. Central Asians and Middle Eastern – Political Functions 3. North Chinese – 2nd to last to be
Nero established Armenia as a buffer state against Parthia (Iran), but only after a costly war. There were revolts - in Britain (60 AD - 61 AD), led by Boudicca, and Judea (66 AD - 70 AD). In 65 AD, Gaius Calpurnius Piso led a conspiracy against the emperor and in the purge that followed, a number of prominent Romans were executed, including Seneca and his nephew, the epic poet Lucan. In 65 AD, Nero is believed to have kicked his wife Poppaea to death. His next wife was Statilia Messalina, whose first husband Nero had executed.
On April 6th 1917 the United States entered into WW1, which would be known as one of the worst wars in history. WW1 began in 1914 when a Serbian nationalist murdered Duke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austria-Hungarian empire. At this point in time Europe was divided into two main alliances. The Triple entente, France, Britain, and Russia, and the Triple alliance of Germany, the Austria-Hungary Empire and Italy. After the attack on the archduke, Germany pledged to support the Austro-Hungarian government in its retaliation to the assassination.
Created because of inflexible Puritans and smuggling. 3. Sir Edmund Andros=governor a. power to levy taxes and make laws 4. Abolished all New England local government Glorious Revolution A. James II succeeded by his daughter Mary and husband William of Orange 1688/89 B. Also wanted a more strictly controlled colonial system C. Maryland rebelled against Catholics and became a royal colony D. New York controlled by German militia officer Leisler shortly until he was hanged.