A Reflection on the Main Arguments in Regards to Methadone Maintenance Therapy Abstract The adoption of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in order to aid patient recovery from opioid dependence is surrounded by contrasting arguments. Issues arise regarding whether MMT’s benefits, such as decreased heroin use and improved quality of life, outweigh its risks, such as its association with cognitive impairment and mortality. Alternative treatment methods exist which have been proven to be just as effective in the treatment of opioid dependence, such as buprenorphine. However it is known to be more expensive. From assessing the key arguments and research regarding the positives and negatives of MMT, it is evident that MMT is good for some patients, but perhaps not as good for others.
Volkow gave Ritalin to a group of participants he found that some of the participents enjoyed the experience while others didn’t. He conducted brain scans and found that those who enjoyed the feeling brought on by Ritalin had fewer dopamine receptor. there is research that contradicts the genetic explanation of addiction. Comings found the DRD2 gene present in individual with autism. This is a weakness as it contradict the idea of the DRD2 gene being a reward gene as individuals with autism aren’t seen to be pleasure seeking.
The Implications of Anti-Depressants on Todays Society Candace Szevery 300198141 November, 20th/2013 PSYC-1200-015 Bryan Nadeau The Implications of Anti-Depressants on Todays Society Depression is a mental/mood disorder or now known as a biological disease, which is widely described as a persistent low mood behavior, and is usually accompanied by low self-esteem and or by a loss of interest in normally enjoyable activities. So why are doctors prescribing medication that enables the same characteristics of depression people are trying to escape. Antidepressant medication, may relieve some depression symptoms. But antidepressants also come with significant side effects and dangers. What’s more, recent studies have
The clients’ interpretation of the pictures can possibly indicate unconscious desires, thoughts and troubles, much like with free association. Psychodynamic therapies work more effectively for different mental disorders and the effectiveness of these methods has often been questioned. For example, psychodynamic therapies are mainly only effective for neurotic disorders. For examples, the use of psychodynamic therapies to effectively treat mental illness would be with clients who have a moderate anxiety disorder, as it can give the client an understanding of what is causing their distress and anxiety issues, but non effective use for it would be using it to treat mental disorders such as schizophrenia, as
The experimental group will receive the Protazen and the control group will receive a placebo. A placebo is an inert substance and it is used in order to find out whether or not the effect of the independent variable actually includes what the experimenter is testing. In this experiment the placebo will be a sugar pill. Each experiment has a control in order to account for the placebo effect. The placebo effect suggests that the effects produced by a drug might be related to psychological processes as a test subject may still improve because of their expectation to do so.
Discussion: Analyze and discuss your results. Did your results support your hypothesis? What there a significant difference between the experimental and control subjects? Can any conclusions be drawn? How much confidence do you place in your results?
He also states that the Top-down processes override sensory or bottom-up information. People think that sights, sounds, and touch from the outside world constituted reality. But the brain constructs what it perceives based on past experience (Kossyln 2006). "Doctors Oakley and Halligan researched the effects of neutral hypnosis. Neutral hypnosis is when a person is hypnotized before any hypnotic suggestions are given.
Cognitive therapy makes the assumption that thoughts precede moods and that false self-beliefs lead to negative emotions (Magnavita 2012). Cognitive therapy aims to help the patient recognize and reassess his patterns of negative thoughts and replace them with positive thoughts that more closely reflect reality. Cognitive therapy recognizes 10 common patterns of faulty thinking, which are known as cognitive distortions.All-or-Nothing Thinking: Failing to recognize that there may be some middle ground. Characterized by absolute terms like always, never, and forever. Overgeneralization: Taking an isolated case and assuming that all others are the same.
Psychological therapies were first brought about for patients who were having trouble adhering to medication due to the intolerable side effects that the biological therapies bring with them. They therefore needed a therapy that would have been more effective and appropriate for them to sustain their improvement. Two of the most common psychological therapies are Behavioral Therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Behaviorist psychologists see schizophrenia as a maladaptive behavior gained through learning experiences, which behavioral therapies can ‘correct’ and change into adaptive behaviors. The most successful form of behavioral therapy is the use of token economies.
Out of the eight psychological perspectives I believe that the Biological Perspective best describes human behavior. The Biological Perspective is about the inner workings of the bodily functions. Things like neuroscience, which is the study of the nervous system, and the brain, can give us the inside scoop of why we do what we do, the cause and effect of our very behaviors. You see, the brain is what allows us to move, breath, feel, see, and even come up with the biological perspective in the first place. The brain is the powerhouse of human behavior, and the biological perspective is all about the study of the brain, aspects like genetics, immune system, nervous system, and how the brain interacts with these different pieces to make you different.