Nate Obringer What was the Monroe Doctrine? The Monroe Doctrine was the declaration by President James Monroe, in December 1823, that the United States would not tolerate a European nation colonizing an independent nation in North or South America. Any such intervention in the western hemisphere would be considered a hostile act by the United States, though the United States would respect existing European colonies. What principles of foreign policy did this doctrine establish? The U.S. foreign-policy statement first enunciated by President James Monroe on Dec. 2, 1823, declaring the Western Hemisphere off-limits to European colonization.
The Monroe doctrine was also introduced and The Monroe Doctrine represents a major landmark within American history and within Americas rise to international prominence. The passive but potentially aggressive policy depicted in this doctrine is fundamental element of America’s foreign policy and is a policy that has been enhanced by generations of American Leaders. It stated that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression requiring U.S. intervention. The Doctrine noted that the United States would neither interfere with existing European colonies nor meddle in the internal concerns of European countries Political change was inevitable due to the Indian removal act of 1830 .Early in the 19th century, while the rapidly-growing United States expanded into the lower South, white settlers faced what they considered an obstacle. This area was home to the Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chicasaw and Seminole
The Monroe Doctrine was the statement of U.S. policy toward Latin America. Scholars have interpreted the doctrine as the U.S. declaration of intent to be the principal power of the Western hemisphere.After Latin American nations overthrew Spanish and Portuguese rule in the early 1800s, the United States feared other European nations would try to claim the newly independent nations as colonies.President James Monroe's speech to Congress in late 1823 is known as the Monroe Doctrine. He declared the Americas off limits to any future European colonization and announced America's intention to stay out of European affairs.U.S. presidents invoked the Monroe Doctrine throughout the 1800s. For instance, James K. Polk told Europeans not to interfere in the U.S. dispute with Mexico over California and Texas in 1845.President Theodore Roosevelt's Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine in 1904 proclaimed the U.S. would intervene militarily in Latin American nations considered unstable.
The USA therefore argued that it was not invading Mexican territory by annexing Texas since Texas had been independent nine years prior to the annexation. US president John Tyler assented to a legislation seeking to annex Texas on March 1st 1845. Annexation of Texas was effected on December 29th 1845 and Texas was declared the 28th state of the USA. he February 2 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo peace treaty ended the war and facilitated USA to acquire Texas, Upper California and New Mexico. The treaty was mostly USA-centered and was forced on the interim military authorities of Mexico.
In the case Marbury v. Madison the Supreme Court invalidated a law, passed by Congress, by declaring an act unconstitutional for the first time. The doctrine of Judicial Review was set forth by this case. The Court did not want to show vulnerability of its judicial prestige so it only asserted minimal power. Marshall’s decision suggests he was aware of the long-term objective to enhance judicial powers and diminish state autonomy. In Fletcher v. Peck in 1810 Marshall was ready to declare a state law unconstitutional.
In 1823, the Monroe Doctrine was a policy of the United States introduced by President James Monroe which declared that the Western Hemisphere was not to be further colonized or interfered by European countries. “It stated that further efforts by European countries to colonize land or interfere with states in the Americas would be viewed as acts of aggression requiring U.S. intervention.” [1] In addition, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the United States wouldn’t obstruct with existing European colonies or get involved in the personal concerns of European countries. The results of the Monroe Doctrine had significant effects on policy in the Americas for decades. The Monroe Doctrine was issued at a time when many Latin American countries were becoming nonaligned with the Spanish Empire. After the Napoleonic Wars ended, Prussia, Austria, and Russia established the Holy Alliance to protect monarchism.
That might have led to a strengthening of the relationship of the neighbors and avoided a new policy to be created or the Monroe Doctrine to be drastically altered. During these events an attempt of European countries to intervene in America Latina was always a threat to be carefully watched. A good example of this would be the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962. If we return to 1823, in the core of the Monroe Doctrine there are three main concepts: (1) separate spheres of influence for the Americas and
Andrew Jackson, who had first spoken of "extending the area of freedom", typified the conflation of America's greatness, the nation's budding sense of Romantic self-identity and expansion. To some 19th‑century Americans his presence rested upon the "whole territory" from the valleys of Oregon to the frontier of the Rio Grande. Yet Jackson would not be the only President to elaborate on the principles underlying Manifest destiny. Owing in part to the lack of a definitive narrative outlining its rationale, proponents offered divergent or seemingly conflicting viewpoints. While many writers focused primarily upon American expansionism, be it into Mexico or across the Pacific, others saw the term as a call to example.
With this back ground, the Monroe Doctrine was proposed. It was consists of three fundamental principles, that is, firstly, the Western Hemisphere was not to be further colonized by European countries. Secondly, non-interference in each other’s internal affairs. Thirdly, “to leave America for the Americans”. The primary objective of this doctrine was just to free the newly independent colonies of Latin America from European intervention and control, and it was largely disregarded intentionally, because America was not powerful enough at that time.
Many Americans believe that God give them the power and duty to expand territory, strengthen the United States. The motivation of United States launched this war is a debatable subject. The origin and influence The term Manifest Destiny was popular in the 19th century, some Americans believed they had the destiny to expand American continent Territory, from the Atlantic coast to Pacific Ocean. The ideal of territory expansion is already had before the American Independence, but in 1845, The United States Magazine and Democratic Review editor John O'Sullivan published an essay “Annexation”. “…our manifest destiny to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions”[2] This essay reveal John O'Sullivan claim United States had a destiny expansion .