Critical Thinking – Kinship Organization of San Tribe The kinship organization of the San people is a multifamily grouping. They are made up of small mobile bands. These bands are “typically composed of a group of related nuclear families” or a few extend families. (Nowak & Laird, 2010, 3.7) They are a foraging society and all food is shared among each other. “San communities comprise up to about 25 men, women and children.” (Siyabona Africa, 2011, para 7) Everything they do in these small communities helps the survival of the entire family.
A nuclear family is composed of a mother and father and their children. The nuclear family is most common because, in a foraging setting, it is adaptive to various situations.”(Endicott, 1981). These camps live in groups and move from place to place so they can hunt, dig tubers, and gather goods from the forest. Both the men and the women share the same amount of work in order to take care of their families and find food. Most often the men take care of the hunting (using handmade bamboo pipes and poison darts), and the women gather the tubers and berries.
For this reason nuclear families are the most common type of families in foraging societies. A nuclear family is described as being, “composed of a mother and father and their children,” (Nowak and Laird, 2010, section 3.7). According to section 3.7, “The nuclear family is most common because, in a foraging setting, it is adaptive to various situations,” (Nowak and Laird, 2010, section 3.7). Foragers called the San “Bushmen,” live in southwest Africa in the Kalahari Desert. Due to living in the desert, the San have to move frequently.
Robert Thomas July 22, 2012 ANT 101 The San are foragers who reside in the Kalahari Desert in Africa. The San people have survived and flourished here for thousands of years. In a foraging culture the people live in mobile groups called Bands (Nowak & Laird, 2010). Most of the time, they move every few weeks to location were food and water is most present. In foraging cultures continuous movement and the sharing of food and water are part of what builds kinship ties.
San Tribe and their Kinship System Valery Taylor ANT 101 Prof. Melissa Kirkendall March 27, 2012 San Tribe and their Kinship System One of the historical tribes of Southern Africa, is the San society who have lived for a long time on a land that spans across Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia and Angola. San people, are a foraging tribe in Africa, they are band society made up of the nuclear family and extended family. Band society such as the San survive by going where there is numerous amount of food and water. The San people divide their labor between gender just like many other foraging bands. The women care for their children and forge for vegetation and men hunt and provide other skills.
They are foraging communities always searching for food and water. The Ituri Forest , where most are located is very rainy area, causing a lot of droughts. The Mbuti refer to the forest as mother or father because it gives them food, shelter and clothing as a parent would. After all the work is completed by noon, leaves a lot of time to dance and sing. Mbuti believe leisure activities are just as important as hunt game and gathering of wild vegetables.
They depend on the environment of the rain forest for almost all their livelihood. Foragers are known as the “original affluent society”. They are content with the small amount of material possessions that they do have. They are not constantly trying to obtain more. The jungle provides sufficient food and shelter enabling them to have good amounts of leisure time.
Instead of relying on the land to supply food for us, people can go to their local grocery store and buy pre packaged, ready to cook meat. This is much easier and ethical than sitting and waiting hours at a time in the wilderness for an animal to walk by. People know that they will not starve because all they have to do is drive a mile or two down the road to pick up some food at the store, unlike in the past when people had to hunt for their survival and didn’t know when the next time they would eat or if they would eat at all. Today, almost no one is involved in hunting only, because hunting for survival is no longer a concern. If people hunted just for the meat, then no one would do it.
Kaluli tribe are not a known tribe, they are an isolated tribe from Papua New Guinea and are paterilineal organized into exogamous throughout the longhouse kinship. Although they are associated with the tribe passing through the male line, one will obtain kinship to both the mother’s and father’s groups. Paternal kin will present ties to the longhouse and maternal kin in which will provide connection with ones mother’s kin in another longhouse of the terrain. The ones in which feels closets to those who one has grown ups, or who looks upon the most will be held in charge to take food from their gardens, and they will be given food in return. The distance kin are two or more generations away from one will be called “grandparent” or “grandchild” because they are distant family members who are not considered family members.
Patrilineal is the descent that comes from ones ancestry through male procreation, and patrilocal is when young married couples lives with the husband’s parents and raise their children. In foraging bands, there are two forms of acceptable ways to marry: monogamy and polygamy. Monogamy is the marital bond between one man and one woman, and polygamy is when a person has more then one spouse. If a bride is too young to leave her family, then the groom moves in with the family, and contributes to the daily meat intake, which is a form of bride service. A couple is only considered