Anglo Saxon Religious Poetry

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Q. Anglo Saxon religious poetry (Cademon & Cynewulf) Or Attempt a comparative study of Cademon and Cynewulf as religious poets. Ans. Before the advent of Christianity in England, Anglo- Saxon literature was mainly pagan. But with the coming of Christianity in England in 597 A.D. , a great change is marked in the spirit and theme of the Anglo-Saxon poetry, which had so long its nourishment from the barbarian Germanic tradition. The Christians had brought England into contact with the Greek and Roman civilizations which had greatly modified the Anglo- Saxon Pagan poetry and gave a new shape to the religious poetry as a whole. The new tradition began with a sharpness unusual in the history of literature. The first prominent poet of this genre is Cademon, who wrote poems of a kind hitherto unknown in English: religious narrative verse on themes drawn from the Bible. The only poem certainly by him is a nine-lined poem, ‘Hymn’. In this poem, the poet has celebrated the glorious works of God. Apart from this poem, there are in the Junius Manuscript, four poems, which are generally attributed to Cademon or Caedmonian school. According to Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English people, Caedmon did not learn the art of poetry from men, but from God. His primary aim was not to write good poetry but to propagate the stories of the Bible. The four poems, generally attributed to him are ‘Genesis A’,’ Exodus’, ‘Daniel’ and ‘Christ and Satan’. Of these four poems, the first three are based on the Old Testament. The poem ‘Genesis’ has been divided into two parts because the style of the two parts are entirely different and it is difficult to believe that they are composed by the same poet. The poem presents a picture of angels in heaven as well as the angels in hell. The ‘Genesis-A’ is a rather

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