Angle of Declination

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* ANGLE OF DECLINATION: Magnetic declination is the angle between compass north (the direction the north end of a compass needle points) and the true north (the direction along the earth’s surface towards the geographic north pole). It is sometimes called magnetic variation. Declination is considered positive east of true north and negative when west. The angle of declination has varied over time because of the slow drift in the position of the magnetic north pole. Depending on where you are on the earth, the angle of declination will be different-for some place, the geographic and magnetic poles are aligned so declination is minimal, but from other spots, the angle between the two poles is pretty big. * ANGLE OF DIP: Magnetic dip, dip angle, or magnetic inclination is the angle made with the horizontal of a compass needle of a vertically held compass. It is also the angle the earth’s magnetic field at a place makes an angle with the horizontal at that place. The angle varies at different points on the Earth’s surface .Positive values of inclination indicate that the magnetic field of the Earth is pointing downwards, into the Earth, at that point of measurement. An instrument know as dip circle is used to measure the angle of dip Magnetic dip results from the tendency of a magnet to align itself with a line of force. As the Earth’s magnetic lines of force are not parallel to the surface, the north end of a compass needle will point downwards on the northern hemisphere, or upward in the southern hemisphere. * HORIZONTAL COMPONENT OF THE EARTH’S FIELD: This is the projection of the magnetic field on the earth’s surface. Earth’s magnetic field is horizontal only at the magnetic equator .At any other place , the total intensity can be resolved into horizontal and vertical components. This is also the field given off by the imaginary poles at the end

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