The Spartiates were the military leaders who ruled the barracks. Only these males that served in the military could vote. The Perioeci were the artisans, craftsmen, and merchants. Even though these males were in the army, they could not vote. The helots were serfs that consisted of people that were overtaken by Spartans military victories.
The only enemies that the Romans might have faced were the Carthaginians, whom they eventually defeated. Second the Roman government ran under a republic or as we know it today an oligarchy. In Roman government like the Athenian government in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. You see Carthaginians were very much alike both relying on their sea based power to suppress any retaliating
The people who died in Pompeii lived in an advanced society. The Imperial army was set up to put use to previous enemies. It was also undefeated and put roman soldiers to constant training. The competition for status in hierarchy even let Rome control towns without any military enforcement. Roman strategies allowed Rome to control their towns with ease.
By 46 B.C., through the military genius of Julius Caesar, Rome conquered most of the land surrounding the Mediterranean, which was most of the known world at that time. However, this expansion hurt Rome more than it helped Rome. The Romans had an ever changing government to meet the demands of a growing empire. At first Rome had harsh Etruscan kings, but they soon had enough of these cruel tyrants and eventually ran them out of Rome. In there place they created the Roman Republic, which was modeled after the Greek Democracy.
The Roman Empire had a very different foundation from the Persian’s monarch grounds. The Republic of Rome began in 509 BCE when the last Etruscan king was overthrown. The Republic was governed by the Senate, a form of oligarchy. The Republic lasted until 49 BCE, when Julius Caesar, a consul of the senate, betrayed Pompey, another consul, marched into Rome and proclaimed himself Emperor. After the third civil war and Caesar’s grandnephew, Augustus Caesar, names himself dictator and emperor for life, the Roman Empire went through Pax Romana, where the empire flourished during a time of
Alexandra Romano Alexander.. Great? January 5th 2009 Alexander of Macedonia is arguably one of the greatest and most powerful men in history. He was definitely a very influential person for future leaders and his decisions shaped the way that todays leaders go about their duties. Judging by the character, military skills and political strategies of Alexander of Macedonia, it is just to conclude that he was in fact “great”. Alexander often used political strategies to further his success in a foreign area, gaining the respect of his future subjects; this being one way he earns the title “great”.
The use of the sarissa forced the Macedonians to change the size and shape of their shields from a large concaved shield to a smaller and less concaved shield with no rim and an elbow sling that was supported by the shoulder. (1-14) It is not known what armor the men of the phalanx wore, but it is speculated by several historians that the infantrymen wore either bronze or leather cuirass or a lighter linothorax (a cuirass made of glued layers of lined). (1-15) The front line must have worn some kind of breastplate to help protect their chest. The historian Polyaesnus claims that Alexander armed soldiers that had fled in previous battle with hemithorakion (armor that only covered
There were also magistrates appointed to deal with certain aspects of criminal activity. In Rome these were minor magistrates called tresviri capitales, who 'may also have exercised summary jurisdiction over slaves and humble citizens' (Oxford Classical Dictionary). These magistrates were only assisted by a small number of public slaves and had neither the authorityy nor the resources to act as a police force. At Rome the lictors who attended the senior magistrates were only symbols of the state's authorityy to discipline and punish; they had no effective power to coerce. The authority of magistrates depended absolutely on the acceptance by the citizens of their political institutions and the men who operated them.
Rome Empire was so successful and strong because no civilization has contributed more to Western thought, expanded so much, and spread so much influence. The Roman Empire became the most advanced empire during its time and was supported by its massive and undefeatable army, which provided security and peace for its people and conquered lands. Roman highways and roads were among the most stable roads ever constructed until the modern ear. Roman Empire also had a stable free-market economy with a robust currency and an enormous, complicated system of public works. The Roman Empire, which existed from 100 BC-50 AD, was a great civilization.
As mentioned before, the bulk of the army was citizens. These citizens did not get to choose which legion the wanted to be in. Any man “from ages 16-46 were selected by ballot” and assigned to a legion. Up until the Roman military disaster of 390 B.C at the Battle of Allia, Rome’s army was organized in similarity to the Greek Phalanx. This was due to Greek influence in Italy “by way of their colonies”.