Psychology- as explored through the eyes of Carl Jung and Abraham Maslow When Carl Jung says, “Everything that irritates us about others can lead us to an understanding of ourselves”, he very aptly describes the role that Psychology plays in exploring and examining the processes of the human brain and how that impacts our behaviors and personality. Comparing the theories of Jung and Maslow could take hours since each one had enough to say about what their beliefs were about the human condition. But while Carl Jung focused on how the unconscious affected our personality (Introversion and Extraversion), Abraham Maslow focused on the integration of self (Self-Actualization Theory). Jung believed that there were active centers in the unconscious
In this essay Freud sets out his theory of psychosexual development. He asserts that there is in all humans an innate drive or instinct for pleasure, a sort of psychic energy, which he calls the libido and this energy needs to be discharged. He then goes on to describe how this drive finds outlet at the earliest stages of life, as babies, toddlers and infants and describes the oral, anal and phallic stages and the psychological effects of fixation at these stages. It is important to note that Freud separated sexual aims and objectives. His work on sexuality and perversions led to the wider theory of sexuality whereby he differentiated the sexual aim (the desire for pleasure) and the object (the person or thing used to fulfil the desire).
This is the contradicting of Jung. Jung has analysis himself to experience the unconscious through his dreams and fantasia Jung believe that he was strong enough to make dangerous journey and come back to talk about it. His goal was to understand the unconscious from the purpose viewpoint of scientist. Ellis thoughts are that society is more disturbs and it more inclusive and exact “people disturb themselves by thing that have happen to them. And by the view, feelings, and actions” (p16) Horney’s (1950) also Adler writes that our Emotional reactions and lifestyle are associated with our basic beliefs and are therefore cognitively created.
In psychology people such as Freud, Maslow and Rogers play an important role in understanding the self, whereas society can be explained by sociological figures such as Durkheim in sociology. The psychologist, Freud’s theory of personality suggests that our personality is structured by the interactions of our id, superego and ego. The id being our pleasure principle; it is the selfish part of our self and causes us to desire things such as food and sex. It is an unconscious part of our personality and present from birth. The superego is our morality principle which we develop from three to six years old, it helps us to define the difference between right and wrong and Freud suggested that it is often in conflict with the id.
Central to Freud's theory, and perhaps his greatest contribution to psychology, is the notion that our psyche is composed of parts within our awareness and beyond our awareness. Freud used the term psychoanalysis to label his theories and techniques for identifying and curing the mental problems of his patients. This essay will outline the main concepts that surround Freud’s theory of psychosexual development, thus showing how it can help us understand our clients presenting issues. In order for me to do this I will firstly describe the psychosexual stages in relation to personality development followed by briefly identifying some of the main criticisms. I will lastly concentrate on discussing the applications of his theory to therapy today.
There are many times in the novel when Huxley replaces Ford with Freud, which is also a major symbolic figure. Freud’s theories go hand in hand with the novel, “from the moment of birth the infant is driven in his actions by the desire for bodily or sexual pleasures” (http://www.iep.umt.edu). Most of Freud’s experiments were directed toward how the human mind develops, and more directly how the sexual mind develops. Freud was convinced that the majority of human actions were based off of sexual desires and fantasies. Freud is well known for his theory on a mother and her son, or the Oedipus Complex.
Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist, has been incredibly influential in the discipline of psychology, paving the way for the field of psychoanalysis. His theories focus on the unconscious mind, which he believed had three components: the id, the ego, and the superego. All of our primitive desires and thoughts came from the id and the id’s desires needed to be satisfied somehow. Freud placed a large emphasis on the sexual drive, which he called the “libido”, and one’s need to take care of this drive. He believed sexual energy that was fixated or stuck was the cause of most psychological problems.
There are two major theories about the origin and nature of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD). One theory regards NPD as a form of arrested psychological development while the other regards it as a young child's defense against psychological pain. The two perspectives have been identified with two major figures in psychoanalytic thought, Heinz Kohut and Otto Kernberg respectively. Both theories about NPD go back to Sigmund Freud's pioneering work On Narcissism, published in 1914. In this essay, Freud introduced a distinction which has been retained by almost all later writers, namely the distinction between primary and secondary narcissism.
The behaviorism start to make the field of psychology a mainstream scientific by observing one behavior. The field of psychoanalysis is another school of thought. Sigmund Freud best known for his work in psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is a term that was used to refer the different parts of Freud's research, which would include the Freudian therapy and how he developed this theories through his research. Psychoanalysis deals with the thoughts and motivations that are outside of our awareness which is influence our behavior.
Freud’s belief in the “id” (or, the set of uncoordinated, instinctual trends of the psyche), the “ego” (the more organized, realistic part of the psyche), and the “superego” (the socially-constructed, appropriate conscience) formed the first foundation for psychoanalysis in early 20th century psychology and, thus, in literary criticism. Freud asserted that people’s behavior is primarily affected by their unconscious: “The notion that human beings are motivated, even driven, by desires, fears, needs, and conflicts of which they are unaware” (Lin 21-22). The tragic story of Gustav von Aschenbach, therefore, cannot be understood completely without a deeper digging into the mentality of the artist and a questioning as to why he collapses both morally and psychologically by the final chapter of the novella. Jacques Lacan took Freud’s work one step further in the late 20th century and argued that the human subject becomes an