In what way did Mesopotamia and Egyptian civilizations differ from each other? Besides Mesopotamia, another civilization grew up in northeast Africa, along the Nile River. Egyptian civilization interacted with Mesopotamia civilization for thousands of years on exchange of goods and technologies produced a quite different society and culture. These two civilizations differed from geography, environment, religions and politics. In Mesopotamia, the extremely flat land between Euphrates and Tigris River in present day Iraq and Kuwait, the unpredictable floods by Euphrates River forcing the farmers into heroic effort to keep the ripening grain fields from being drowned by water.
Themes in US and World History Task # 1 Nina Valentin 1. Without the seasonal flooding of the Nile, hunter gatherers in the Predynastic period would never have settled into agricultural villages which would lead to the development of Egyptian culture (history.com). In Ancient Egyptian the majority of the population where farmers. The peasant population depended on the cyclical flooding of the Nile to fertilize the surrounding land for cultivation. Since the majority of the population was based in small farming villages along the Nile, agriculture was the basis for their economy (history.com).
One of the weaknesses for this French colony was that their farm land was run on a seigneurial system of land distribution. Large landowners, such as nobility, individuals in the military, and church industrials, had farmers, also known as habitants, working on their land. These farmers had to pay annual fees to these seigneurs. In order to pay these seigneurs, they paid them in produce, labour, and occasionally in money when they were able to sell their crops to buyers. Another weakness of the land tenure was that the Seigneurial system did not encourage farmers to be creative for the production of their crops.
It was often used as food for animals as well as humans in these regions. Corn would be found in porridge or bread. China was the quickest to adopt American food plants including corn. Corn reached China during the 16th century through Portuguese ships in Macao. Before corn, Chinese agriculture was based on rice which grew in the river valleys of Yangzi and Huang He.
This poor soil attracted very few immigrants. Summers were hot, and winters were bitterly cold. Forests were cleared to grow staple crops such as corn, squash, and barley, however, livestock had to be brought to supplement the New England diet. The fish, fur, shipbuilding and lumber industries thrived in New England colonies. Creative ways to solve problems because of this region’s barren soil keyed the term “Yankee Ingenuity.” The Triangular Trade is an example of this.
Tobacco production not only helped the colony grow prosperous, it also created new opportunities for over 90,000 immigrants who moved to the colony as indentured servants. Similarly, the New England economy was based on trade in the fishing and timber industries because of easy access to ports and wooded areas. Like Chesapeake families, New England colonists farmed, however, New Englanders practiced subsistence farming, small family farms which produced only enough food for a single family’s use. Another similarity between the two colonies is how both colonies dealt with the Indians. In the Virginia colony, Powhatan’s brother, Opechancanough, led a surprise attack on Virginia colonists and murdered over 300 of the 1,200 men in the colony.
All of the New England colonies, with the exception of Rhode Island, were settled for religious purposes. The differences in climate led to varying economic organization between the Chesapeake and New England colonies. The Chesapeake, with its fertile land, relied on farming and cash crops for their economy. New England colonies, with their long winters and poor soil, relied on industry and manufacturing to make money. The Chesapeake region is known for its cash crops, especially tobacco.
GKE Task 1 Part A: The Andean civilization, the Incas, had three diverse regions within the borders of their control. This was a significant physical geographic factor that contributed to the development of the early society. The three diverse regions were the coast, the rainforest, and the mountain. Each area produced different resources for the civilization. The coast gave fish and fruit, while potatoes were farmed, metals were found, and wool from llamas was collected in the mountains and the rainforest provided wood and coca leaves.
Also harvested and burned to be used in _______ _ Plants C. Plant Functions a) Plants in the Savanna regions are highly specialized to grow in this region during long periods of drought b) They have long tap roots that can reach the deep water table, thick bark to resist forest fires, trunks that can store water, and leaves that _______ off during the winter to conserve water. c) Some plants have sharp thorns, or a __________ taste to discourage animals from feeding on them. D. Animals of the Savanna 1. Aardwolf (__________________________) a) Long, furry hyena that has long front legs and short front legs b) Carnivore but also an __________________. c) Feeds mostly on Harvester termites, Insect Larvae, and eggs of ground nesting birds d) Has a rancid odor to that of a __________.
The Amish are a society who's subsistence mode is a unique blend of the various modes. Historically they are considered a horticulturist society, but should be primarily defined as an agrarian state because of its current involvement in modern day society. “Agrarian states are more complex than bands, tribes, and chiefdoms. Their complexity means that more than kinship is needed to recruit people into status positions” (Nowak & Laird, 2010). The other subsistence modes of living in rolling hills indicates foraging, farming land indicates a horticulturist mode, raising animals indicates a pastoralist mode, and emerging agriculturalists indicates that they are fully dependent upon themselves to create a surplus to sell to other populations to generate more trade opportunities.