In her publication titled “Gender Trouble”, Judith Butler presents her view that gender is a performative role in society, meaning that in order for gender identity to be genuinely expressed and understood, it must be conveyed openly in social spaces. Throughout her book she provides numerous examples of these “social spaces” that would be a necessary ground for women in order to better establish an identity in society. These include political representation, cultural movements, and the economic climate. These social spaces are presented in great depth and explain how they limit a person by identifying with a specific gender. In this paper, I will argue for Butler’s view on how certain gender performance is restricted in these numerous fields, and how Ms. Butler would object to these various situations.
This implies that all people can be placed into either category, when it isn’t in fact this simple. Sex is an attributed status, whereas gender must be learned. The learned behaviours of what it is to be a ‘woman’ in society is one engulfed in many inequalities. In this analysis of gender issues, I would like to particularly focus on women and gender equality. The question to be looked at is ‘What does it mean to be a woman?’Although there has been some progress in the past 30 years, particularly in women’s education and employment equality, there are still many inequalities and also more inconspicuous issues affecting the women of today including domestic violence and rape and sexual abuse and I would like to look further into this.
The fields that have been greatly influenced by sex and gender are physical anthropology, social and cultural, and archaeology. The importance of the study of sex and gender has greatly opened up the field to the study of women, and has expanded the field from as Miller (1993) puts it “that anthropology has been and still remains to a large degree a male-biased discipline”. The field of anthropology expanded to include more feminist scholars in the 1960’s and 1970’s, and it was during this time that social/cultural anthropologists had a desire to reveal the “invisible” world of women that had been previously ignored (Miller 1993). In the field of physical anthropology most past works and studies have been concerned with gender differences. According to McCown, as cited by Miller (1993) the study of human evolution is still male-biased as evidenced, among other things, by the use of male skeletal remains as the standard measure and the great preponderance of male primate skulls kept in museums (p. 13).
(Media Awareness Network) Stereotypes can be problematic, reducing a wide range of differences in people to simplistic categorizations. This transforms assumptions about particular groups of people into realities. Mass media, such as movies, television, magazines, newspapers, books, music, and computer games, both reflect and shape gender roles. (Knox) Women and men are usually depicted as having extremely different roles in society, evident in the way media portray them. (Al-Ghafari) Some gender roles confine both sexes to traditional duties and responsibilities.
Sociology explanations have suggested many different reasons for the gender differences in educational achievement. Some sociologists claim that gender differences in achievement are the result of external factors such as changes in wider society for instance the impact of feminist ideas and changing employment opportunities. This however can also be an outcome of internal factors such as the education system becoming feminised, which could have impacted the performance of girls achievement, due to the fast rising rates and in some subject areas. Some sociologists also argue that the media have exaggerated the extent and nature of any problem. Since the 1960's, feminism has challenged the traditional stereotypes of a woman's role as mother and housewife within a patriarchal family.
Yes I feel that they do contribute to the way that we embrace gender and sex in diversity. Society judges women and men different which is very sad to say. Typically men are viewed as being stronger that women. Do our concepts of gender and sex contribute to our understanding of sexual orientation? Explain.Yes I feel that they contribute to our sexual orientation in many ways.
Abstract Gender issues have become a topical issue of late with various groups advocating for gender equality and equity. Problems associated with gender stereotypes have also tended to feature strongly. This article looks at the subject of gender stereotypes in the wider society that we live in, its impact and possible ways of changing peoples’ mindsets. This article will also be supported by pictorial presentations based on some newspaper and magazine cuttings. What are gender stereotypes and how are they conveyed in our society?
Gender roles refer to the set of social and behavioral rules that are considered to be socially appropriate for individuals of a specific sex in the context of a specific culture, which differ widely between cultures. There are different opinions as to whether observed gender differences in behavior and personality characteristics are, at least in part, due to cultural or social factors, and therefore, the product of socialization experiences, or they are due to biological and physiological differences. Views on gender-based differentiation in the workplace and in interpersonal relationships have often undergone profound changes as a result of feminist and/or economic influences, but there are still considerable differences in gender roles in almost all societies. It is also true that in times of necessity, such as during a war or other emergency, women are permitted to perform functions which in "normal" times would be considered a male role, or vice versa. Gender is used to describe those
Sex, Gender and Gender roles redefined In her book The Second Sex, Simone De Beauvoir states, “One is not born, but, rather becomes a woman”. This statement highlights the difference between sex and gender. While sex is a biological term, gender is a social and cultural construct. An individual is born into the categories of male or female but it is the very task of ‘accomplishing gender’ that determines the social identity of the person. Women are under a constant pressure to adhere to roles that are specific to their gender and so are men.
GENDER AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT The term "gender" refers to the male and female roles shaped by a society, learned indi¬vidually and re-negotiated by each new gene¬ration. Male/female roles are determined pri¬marily by the social, cultural and economic organisation of a society, and by the prevailing religious, moral and legal perceptions. Female and male roles and scope for action are not static, but are subject to constant change. They can vary enormously from one society to another, and even within any one society there can be significant differences depending on social class, family status, and ethnic or reli¬gious background. These roles are not neutral but characterised by different possibilities for making choices, and different rights and deci¬sion-making powers; generally to the disad¬vantage of women.