Alexander then moved into the Persian capitals of Susa and Persepolis where the Persian treasuries of gold and silver were kept. In 330 BCE, Darius III was betrayed and killed by one of his own men. Alexander then took the title and office of the Great King of Persia. Starting in 330 BCE, Alexander had moved into what is now Pakistan and by summer of 327 BCE had entered India. In 326 BCE, Alexander’s forces won the Battle of Hydaspes in northwestern India.
The new kingdom period (1550-1070 BC) or what is otherwise known as the ‘Golden Age’ of Egyptian history was born in warfare, it emerged from the struggle of the Theban rulers of upper Egypt to rid themselves of Hyksos rule. The Hyksos kings, based at Avaris in the Delta, had dominated Egypt for much of the second intermediate period. King Kamose, and later his brother Ahmose, expelled the Hyksos in a series of battles over a thirty year-period. This resulted in the reunification of upper and lower Egypt and established the 18th Dynasty. A campaign to rid Egypt of the Hyksos was begun by Sequenre Tao II.
The Greek army decisively defeated the more numerous Persians, marking a turning point in the Greco-Persian Wars. The Battle of Marathon in 490 BC was the result of Persian revenge, after the Greek city-states of Athens and Eretria involved themselves in the Ionian Revolt from 499-493 BC. According to modern historian, Peter Green, the Persians sought to attack Athens with a fighting force of approximately 25, 000 men, of both foot soldiers and cavalry. The Athenians had to bring together their whole hoplite force to defeat the Persians. The Persian force was nearly double that of the Greeks, however due to Miltiades’ reliable expertise on Persian warfare, he was aware that the most elite soldiers would fight in the centre with the weaker ones at the wings.
By the time Alexander was 18 years old fought with his father, controlling the left wing of the army during the battle at Chaeronea. After the death of his father, Alexander became king of Macedon at the age of 20. Alexander wanted more power than just his own little kingdom of Macedon, he wanted the Persian Empire. In 335 BC Alexander marched his army from the South of the Persian Empire and conquered away. Many cities surrendered when they saw him
“Everything in war is simple, but simplest things are difficult.” ~Carl Von Clausewitz War exists within the storm of violence, uncertainty, and chaos. Military commanders are responsible for either the survival or death of their Soldiers. Successful commanders must implement the commander’s activities in mission command in order to attain victory. Julius Caesar is one of history’s most famous and successful military commanders. In 58 BCE, Caesar launched an eight-year campaign into modern day France, Germany, and southern England.
After Philip is assassinated, Alexander becomes king of Macedonia. Ptolemy briefly mentions Alexander's punitive campaign in which he razes Thebes and burns Persepolis, then gives an overview of Alexander's west-Persian campaign, including his declaration as the son of Zeus by the Oracle of Amun at Siwa Oasis, his great battle against the Persian Emperor Darius III in the Battle of Gaugamela and his eight-year campaign across Asia. Also shown are Alexander's private relationships with his childhood friend Hephaestion and later his wife Roxana. Hephaestion compares Alexander to Achilles, to which Alexander replies that, if he is Achilles, Hephaestion must be his Patroclus (Achilles' best friend and his lover). When Hephaestion mentions that
The Hellenistic Period When the Hellenistic Period emerges in 323BC, Alexander the Great is the reigning conqueror. His father, Philip of Macedon, had united the Grecian states and was driving back the Persian forces out of Asia Minor. As the pressure mounts, he is assassinated during a festival. Alexander succeeded his father’s leadership and
These great rulers set out, each with a massive amount of armies, for the recovery of the holy city of Jerusalem. The 1st to attack was Barbarosa, by taking the overland route, by the hardships of the march and the swords of the Turks. This great emperor was anyway near the days of his death, but nothing could have slowed down his crusading zeal. His army was attacked and he died drowning with most of his men, the rest went back to Germany. With Barbarosa gone, Philip 2 and Richard finally mustered their forces beneath wall of Acre.
In 1451 he devoted himself to strengthening the Ottoman navy, and in the same year made preparations for the taking of Constantinople. At the young age of 21 Mehmed conquered Constantinople. The capture of Istanbul was followed by a long succession of campaigns which resulted in a direct expansion of Ottoman rule. After the conquest of the Constantinople, Mehmed was considered one of the greatest leaders of the Ottomans. In 1481, Mehmed II mysteriously died at the age of 52.
Was Alexander the Great really great? I wonder what it was like to be alive back then. Alexander was born around 356 B.C.E in Pella, Macedonia. When he was about 23 is when he started his army he took over many places like Persia. Then he made city's spreading Greek culture around the continent building some where around 70 city’s!