Aggression Among Children and Young People. Possible Causes and Prevention.

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Increasing number of aggressive behaviour of children and young people, acts of hooliganism in educational institutions and on the streets raise a serious concern. Almost every day the media publish information about the robberies, murders and rapes. It can be noted that more and more children is socially maladjusted. Recent years have shown that the manifestations of aggression take drastic form. Moreover, age of the perpetrators has dropped. Thus, it becomes necessary to understand the causes of these alarming phenomena. The gimnazjum youth is particularly exposed to danger. This looms from the characteristic factors of this age group which are: a small range of knowledge, over-confidence, curiosity, lack of imagination, recklessness in situations that might endanger their health and life. Moreover, not all parents give due consideration to matters concerning the safety of their children. Often their knowledge is insufficient and the lack of time can not fully protect the child against possible threats. According to the Encyklopedia Powszechna PWN aggression is a behaviour which is aimed at landing dissatisfaction or anger at certain people or objects. Aggression can appear in different forms: • Direct physical aggression may be expressed in relation to persons by beating, bullying and abasement, • Oral aggression may be expressed by laughing at others and insulting them, • Indirect aggression may be expressed by ignoring, spreading slanders, intrigues and exclusion from the group, • Autoaggression may be expressed by self-mutilation and suicides. In relation to items, aggression is usually manifested by their destruction. Aggressive attitudes most often result from failures in striving after a particular purpose, a sense of danger or a feeling of guilt. In general the main causes of aggression include (Urban 2001:15, Kozak 2007:17): •

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