Hormones and menopause: Hormones are chemical regulators produced by glands inside the body to stimulate certain cells or tissues into specific actions. Examples of hormones are testosterone, estrogen and progesterone. Levels of estrogen and progesterone rise up in a woman’s body during her final menstrual period (menopause) this happens because the ovaries begin to work less than they used to. Menopause is a normal factor in ageing, when women are experiencing menopause they have symptoms such as having nights sweats and hot flashes. Menopause typically happens progressively.
HCG linked to losing weight was discovered by a London physician in the 1950s. The claim states this doctor was treating boys with low testosterone levels using HCG and he noticed that they were losing abnormal fat. He linked HCG to this cause and started using HCG to treat obese patients. HCG can be used to lose weight quickly, at a rate of one to three pounds per day (because of the low caloric count). Due to the lack of nutrients this diet provides and such low calorie intake, this diet can be used for no more than 6 weeks, with a 3 week break in between.
Human Chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone that women use to cause ovulation and treat infertility. Men use this hormone to increase their sperm count. Young boys can also use this hormone if their testicles have not dropped into the scrotum normally. This infertility, low sperm count, and testicles not dropping properly can be caused by a pituitary gland disorder. hCG effects the hormone LH (Luteinizing hormone) and the target tissue is the ovaries in women and testis in men.
They administered the drug dexfenfluramine, which depletes levels of serotonin in the brain, to participants. The researchers then used a questionnaire to assess hostility and aggression levels, which were raised after taking dexfenfluramine in males but not in females. There may be a gender bias in this research. Although a link was found between low levels of serotonin and aggression, this was not evident for the female participants. This suggests that the role of serotonin in aggression may be different for female compared to males, and therefore there is a gender bias in human studies in this area.
The abnormalities include facial deformities and defective limbs, face and heart. Most of these children are below average in intelligence. In one study, however, even mothers who drank moderately during pregnancy had babies who were less attentive and alert, with the effects still present at four years of age. Cigarette smoking by pregnant women can also adversely influence prenatal development, birth and postnatal development. Fetal and neonatal deaths are higher among smoking mothers.
The National Health & Social Life Survey did a study and asked a group of people the answer questions in “yes” or “no” form. A question was proposed did anyone have lacked interest in having sex for a period of several months or more. In high percentages, women shared that they experienced painful sex, lacked, pleasure, was unable to have an orgasm, or simply did not have any interest. Men also said in high percentages that they had an orgasm too fast and was anxious about their performance. Health issues are the cause of this problem.
As men become more body-conscious, and as advertisers become more shameless about objectifying the male body, men are acquiring problems formerly associated with women like eating disorders, body obsessions, and low self-esteem (Potter). One body-image study found that 45 percent of men were dissatisfied with their physiques; women were only slightly less satisfied at 55 percent (Spiker 556). Next, Truth 7: “Men’s body-image problems can be just as dangerous as women’s” (Spiker 556). Statistics on men and eating disorders or other issues in relation to weight and “body-image” are more difficult to find because most of the information is about the negative effects the media has on women. Recently more men have been coming fourth which has lead to the discovery that many men have gone and go misdiagnosed or undiagnosed for psychological and physical issues regarding their bodies (Shilts).
The right hemisphere is believed to process the central aspects of a situation, and the left the finer details. This was verified by giving the volunteers propranolol, a beta-blocker which dampens activation of the amygdala and weakens recall of emotionally arousing memories. Men then found it harder to remember the gist of the films, and women found it harder to recall details. A hemispheric difference in electrical response to emotional material can be detected in the sexes at 300 milliseconds, long before they have time to interpret what they have seen. These discoveries may have implications for the treatment of stress and mental disorders (Cahill).
‘The relapse rate for smokers in the first three months after trying to give up is estimated at 70%.’ Discuss reasons why relapse occurs in people with addictive behaviour. (5 marks + 5 marks) Relapse is when a person stops their addictive behaviour but returns back to it after sometime. This is what happened with smoker in the first three months. The biological and cognitive model tries to explain relapse for addiction, but although there is a lot of research that has be done into both models, not all of them are credible. From a biological aspect relapse is said to occur because the person physical craves for the cigarettes, so they relapse.
Depression Paper Lashonda Bragg PSY/270 June 12, 2011 Depression Paper Unipolar and bipolar disorders are very similar but still different. Schimelpfening ( 2011), “Unipolar depression is another name for major depressive disorder. It is a mood disorder characterized by a depressed mood, a lack of interest in activities normally enjoyed, changes in weight and sleep, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness and guilt, difficulty concentrating and thoughts of death and suicide. If a person experiences the majority of these symptoms for longer than a two-week period they may be diagnosed with major depressive disorder” ( Unipolar Depression, para. 1).