Early stages of adolescence tend to create a negative, yet, confused attitude for the individual. The early years of adolescence is where the individual is no longer a young child and needs to transition into a teenager. The individual in transition is changing from a child and becoming a teenager. Teenagers are adapting to doing different things for fun and often associate with different teenagers. During this transition, the teen will become bored with the old games of a child and start to experiment with different things.
The stresses of wants and needs can be intensified by a society that is materialistic. Also, social changes can create anxiety and disillusionment for adolescents causing them to commit delinquent acts. Clearly, people have a tendency to mature in different stages until adulthood. When a juvenile does something wrong, they are then considered to be juvenile delinquent. All juvenile delinquent behaviors are influenced not only by the environment in which juveniles live, but also by what they observe in adults.
In Erikson’s view he sees these conflicts centered around developing a psychological quality or failing to develop that quality. Erikson’s theory is stage theory based on the assumption that development is universal and although there may be individual differences in terms of when and how it is experienced everyone in the end should develop and go through the same stages. In our world today, Erikson’s theory is often questioned due to the growing cross-cultural evidence that people in different cultures develop and go through different experiences and stages in life. Erikson’s fifth stage of his theory is the most controversial and fought over stage. This stage in Identity vs. Confusion and concerns adolescence children and the way they explore their independence and develop a sense of self.
The development of the prefrontal cortex during adolescence permits them to engage in sophisticated thinking. For example, they are able to compare different possibilities, they are able to monitor their own thought processes and comprehend abstract logic. Therefore, when it comes to making decisions, adolescents are able to value possibilities and consequences better than a child, but still not like an adult. Despite of the improvements in decision-making and cognition, adolescents are still driven towards risk-involving activities. As per Steinberg (2013), this could be explained by the time gap between the development of the limbic system in puberty and the prefrontal cortex maturing years after.
To be a teenager is to be in a time of fluctuation and more often than not in western society, a time of rebellion. There are certain rituals that take place during the teens such as socializing with friends in a place other than school, more responsibilities around the house and less juvenile relationships with members of the opposite sex. Biologically teenagers change dramatically, with girls usually starting their periods and maturing into a phase where their bodies get ready to have children whereas boys develop facial hair, their voices deepen and other matters. They also become more aware of themselves sexually and it is this period in which most people are experimental with their sexuality as well as drugs and their own personal style. In today’s modern and fast paced society, teenagers have had to rush through life and begin adulthood earlier than the generations before.
Avoidant children often have rejecting parents, which leads to them developing an internal model which makes them think they are unacceptable and unworthy. The continuity hypothesis provides an explanation for why these early experience which lead to certain attachment types go on to affect relationships in adult life, as attachment type remains fairly stable over a lifetime. The internal working model developed in childhood influences a person’s expectations and attitudes towards relationships. The theory predicts that securely attached people are more likely to have stable relationships, compared to resistant types who are likely to be clingy and avoidant types who aren’t comfortable in relationships. Hazan & Shaver conducted an experiment which lends support to Bowlby’s concept of the IWM.
Every child is born with its own genetics and is then influenced by numerous environmental factors. Undue aggression, high anxiety and unresolved oppositional behaviour interfere with emotional development in childhood (3 to 11 years of age) and the emotional development that has occurred in childhood makes a difference to emotional expression, understanding and behaviours in adolescence (12 to 19 years of age). Gaining an understanding of the physiological and environment interactions that occur to influence emotional development is helpful in understanding the affects that aggression, oppositional behaviour and anxiety have on development both during childhood and adolescence. Emotional experiences in early life affect physical brain development just as brain development also affects the type of emotional experience that it is possible for a child to feel. Shore (1997) has found that electrical activity induced in the young brain by the action of the environment on the brain actually changes the physical structure of the brain.
Parent's have their influence on teens to a great extent and the result of this bad influence is alcoholic teens following the principle, like parents, like children.In recent years it's known that people who have/had alcoholic parents are more likely to develop the diorder themselves. Most teens try alcohol for the first time at home and that is where the parents can be held responsible. Instead of the parents influence their children to drink alcohol, they should talk and make it clear to their adolescents that drinking impairs coordination and decision making abilities. If more time was spent with adolescents by their parents and it wasn't any alcohol involved their would be less deaths and car
In most cases, a person who has reached this stage of life may experience a common set of tasks such as leaving home, completing education, beginning full-time work, attaining financial independence, establishing a long-term sexually and emotionally intimate relationship as well as beginning a family (Berk, 2010). During the stage prior to early adulthood, adolescent stage, characteristics may carry on through early adulthood as undeveloped adults try to find their way through this stage. During this stage, most young adults tend to experience a bit of anxiety because of rejection in relationships whether the relationships are platonic or not. What is believed most is that they fear spending the rest of their lives by themselves, being able to fit in with others, as well as being accepted by certain individuals. Early on during this stage, they may face a bit of confusion because they may feel pressured by family members to make certain choices in life such as obtaining a higher education or not starting a family.
this impacts on the life chances of the young person because they may not be able to fully put their trusts in the adults around them because of all the new changes they have gone through. They may struggle to ask for help in later life and rely on themselves more. A young person may have moved schools which will interrupt their education and mean they will not do so well in class and could become disruptive to other pupils. A young person may become resentful of their parents and communication could of broken down, and this could to lead to them having negative feelings about themselves. This could mean that a young person turns to drugs or alcohol and not be able to access higher education or get a good job.