Why would this drug be used? Morphine is used to treat moderate to severe pain. It comes in different forms, such as short-acting liquids or tablets, and long-acting (sustained-release) tablets or capsules. Short and long-acting pain medicines are often used together for severe chronic cancer pain. A long-acting pain medicine is given at regular times to provide continuous pain relief, and a quick, short-acting medicine is given when pain "breaks through" the longer-acting medicine.
There are many different legislations that governs the use of medication in social care settings, one of these include The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. From 2011 it defines the fundamental structure and authority for the encouragement, regulation and enforcement of workplace health, safety and welfare of the United Kingdom. Another includes The Medication Act 1968, it governs the medicines for human use and veterinary use, which includes the manufacture of and supply of medicines. The act defines three categories of medicines, prescription only medicines (POM) Pharmacy medicines (P) and the general sales list (GSL). Another is The Misuse of Drug Act 1971.
Amoxicillin – Treats infections caused by bacteria. Side effects - Diarrhoea and sickness is the most common. Some people may get thrush after treatment with antibiotics for a longer period of time. More serious side effects can occur such as kidney problems, blood disorders, increased sensitivity to the sun and deafness… these are rare. * Antidepressants e.g.
Unit 4222-368 Understand the administration of medication to individuals with dementia using a person centred approach. Outcome 1 1 Medicines for dementia are used as a treatment to help with symptoms that affect thinking and memory and also as a treatment for symptoms that affect mood and how someone behaves. Commonly used are anti-depression drugs, anti-anxiety drugs, anti-psychotic drugs, hypnotic drugs, tranquiller even pain killer and antibiotics. Four dementia medicines that are available in the UK are Donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine and memantine theses are available as tablets, liquids, tablets that dissolve in water or patches. These belong to a group of medicines called acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors.
1.1 OUTLINE THE MOST COMMON MEDICATIONS USED TO TREAT SYMPTOMS OF DEMENTIA • Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (Donopezil, Rivastigamine, Galantamine) – they are licenced to treat mild to moderate cases of Alzheimer’s disease and can be used in some cases of Levi-Body’s dementia. They are particularly effective in treating halucinations • Memantine hydrochloride – works by blocking the effect of a chemical in the brain and is normally used for severe cases of Alzheimer’s disease • Antipsychotics (Haloperidol, Quetiapine, Risperidone) – these are the medicines to treat aggression and agitation in dementia patients • Antidepressants (Citalopram, Sertraline) – they treat depression and anxieties that are not uncommon symptoms for patients with dementia • Analgesic medications (Paracetamol, Codeine, Morphine) – they are used commonly to treat pain (or possible pain) in dementia patients showing signs of anxiety, agitation and challenging behaviour • Antibiotics – used to treat any possible viral, bacterial or fungal infections 1.2 DESCRIBE HOW COMMONLY USED MEDICATIONS AFFECT INDIVIDUALS WITH DEMENTIA Every medication has usually two possible effects – positive and negative. Positive effects treat the illness or symptoms that the medication is licenced and prescribed for. Negative effects are the ‘side effects’ which can occur while taking the medication. The side effects are always stated on the leaflet that comes with the medication.
Unit 4222-16 Administer Medication to Individuals and Monitor the Effects Outcome 1 Understand legislation, policy and procedures relevant to Administration of medication Identify current legislation, guidelines policies and protocols relevant to the administration of medication. The current applicable legislation for the administration of medication includes The Health and Social Care Act Regulation 13 as summarised by Outcome 9 of the Care Quality Commission Essential Standards. The Medicines Act 1968 The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 Misuse of Drgus (Safe Custody) Regulations 1973 The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulation 1999 Hazardous Waste Regulation 2005 These are all used to help my company write their Medication Policy and procedure. The company required all Care and Support workers to have read the policy and have training on the administration of medication. All Care and Support workers should have refresher training annually.
Many of our consumers will take medication in order to maintain or help improve their health, therefore it is essential to be able to administer medication to these individuals if necessary and to monitor the effects. Administering medication is a highly important care task and one, which if done incorrectly, can have severe consequences. Therefore it is important to understand current legislation and policies and procedures surrounding administering medication. The Medicines Act 1968 is an important piece of legislation that regulates drugs that are prescribed for medicinal use. This Act specifies three main categories of medicines, which are prescription only medicines (PoM), pharmacy only (P) medicines and general sales list (GSL) medicines.
Unit 4222-616 Administer medication to individuals and monitor the effects Learning Outcome 1 1) identify current legislation, guidelines, policies and protocols relevant to the administration of medication • The Medicines Act 1968 and subsequent amendments • Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Controlled drugs) and amendments 1985, 2001 • Misuse of Drugs (Safe custody) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 • Health And Safety at Work Act 1974 and subsequent amendments • COSHH Regulations 1999 • Care Standards Act (Receipt, storage and administration of medication) • Domiciliary Care Agencies Regulations 2002 • Hazardous Waste Regulations 2005(UK) Hazardous Waste Regulations NI 2005 • The Handling of Medicines in Social Care 2007, published by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society (of Great Britain (RPSGB) • National Minimum Standards for Care Homes/Domiciliary Care in England, Wales and Northern Ireland • Nursing and Midwifery Council Guidelines. Learning Outcome 2 1) describe common types of medication including their effects and potential side effects Pain-killing drugs (analgesics) are common medications. Non-opioid analgesics include aspirin and paracetamol. Opioid analgesics include morphine and oxycodone. All analgesics can cause unwanted side effects.
1. Identify legislations that governs the use of medication in social care settings The Medicines Act 1968 The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (and later amendments) The Misuse of Drugs (Safe Custody) Regulations 1973 (and later amendments) The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974), COSHH The Mental Capacity Act (2005) The Access to health records Act (1990), The Data Protection Act (1998) plus equality legislation. 1.2 outline the legal classification system for medication According to Medicines Act 1968, Medicines are classified into three categories • .Prescription Only Medicine:-medication which is sold or supplied only from a registered pharmacy and in accordance with a prescription issued by an appropriate practitioner • Pharmacy medicines- medication which does not require a prescription and may be sold or supplied only in a registered pharmacy by or under the supervision of a pharmacist. • General sales list medicines - can be bought from pharmacies, supermarkets and other retail outlets without the supervision of a pharmacist. These are sometimes referred to as over-the-counter medicines.
The recommended daily dosage is 1 or 2 paracetamol up to 4 times within 24 hours and should not be exceeded in a case it is medical advice should be seeked immediately. 2.2 Identify medication which demands the measurement of specific physiological measurements Statins (used to lower blood cholesterol) can raise liver enzymes. When somebody is put onto statins they usually perform liver function tests at the start and then periodically thereafter. Lithium (used as a treatment for bipolar disorder) may dampen the function of the thyroid gland, cause kidney damage or heart damage so the following tests need to be done; Liver function, annually. Thyroid function tests and calcium levels annually (risk of hypocalcaemia).