Predict the number of valence electrons for a chlorine atom. a. 1 b. 5 c. 7 d. 17 e. 35 Ionization Energy 59. Which of the following is a general trend for the ionization energy of elements in the periodic table?
(140-145)/ 140 x = 3.5 6. The atomic radius you estimated from your graph is most likely not exactly the same as the true atomic radius of tin. There is a small percent error.
3.03 Periodic Trends Julianne Mazzaro 1. Refer to the graph that you created in Part I of this assignment. Describe the general trend or patterns that you observed in the atomic radius as you go across the periodic table. As the number of protons (atomic number) gets bigger, the atomic radius gets smaller. The largest decrease in size was from 3 to 4, and it leveled out after the 5 to 6 decrease.
Number – 19g average mass 1.7g 4) If a 4th isotope of beanium, D (green), were added to the pool, how would the average atomic mass change? Mixture of an element and a compound, changing the subscript changes of the compound. 5) Compare your average atomic mass to that group next to you. Why is the number slightly different? Would the difference be larger or smaller sizes were used?
1. Atomic radius increases 2. Electron shielding increases 3. The nuclear attraction between the electrons and the nucleus therefore increases, making it harder for the outer shell to gain an electron into the p-subshell. (d) describe the term disproportionation as a reaction in which an element is simultaneously oxidised and reduced, illustrated by: (i) the reaction of chlorine with water as used in water purification, Cl2(aq) + H2O(l) -----> HClO(aq) + HCl(aq) (ii) the reaction of chlorine with cold, dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide, as used to form bleach, Cl2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) ----> NaCl(aq) + NaClO(aq) +
Column 17 is made up of the more reactive gases- the halogens. The noble gases are in column 18. The electrons are the most significant part of an atom. When atoms don’t have the sufficient number of electrons they need in their outer level, they will do whatever they can to get the number they need. The number of protons an atom has is its atomic number.
It is known that chlorine is more electronegative than bromine, and thus chlorine is more reactive, and less discriminatory as to what it will react with, thus making bromine more “selective”. Another pertinent piece of information to look at would be stability. The stability of a free radical increases as the number of carbon substituents increases. Therefore, primary is the least stable and tertiary is the most stable. Also, the more stable the free radical that is left behind, the weaker its C-H bond strength will be.
As Model Science (2011) explains, the experiment will show that as the salt with the metal is “burned, the electrons will be excited (i.e., move to another energy level) and as these electrons fall back from one energy level to another, they will emit photons of light. These photons will have different colors depending on the element and its discrete energy levels”. In other words, “different wavelengths of light (colors) will be emitted when the electrons of different elements go down the step(s) between their energy level(s). In addition, each element will have its own set of energy levels and therefore each will have its own color or set of colors (Model Science, 2011)”. As an example, Model Science (2011) provided “sodium burns orange, potassium -purple/blue, barium - green, and lithium – red”.
Answer Oxygen evolution requires continuing passage of electrons through PSII. Electrons will continue to flow through PSII and the cytochrome b6 f complex until the energetic cost of pumping a proton across the thylakoid membrane exceeds the energy available from absorption of a photon. This point is soon reached when proton flow through CFoCF1 is blocked by venturicidin, and oxygen evolution ceases. Addition of an uncoupling agent provides a route for protons to move through the thylakoid membrane, dissipating the energy of the proton gradient. Electrons can now continue to move through PSII and the cytochrome b6 f complex, and oxygen is produced in the water-splitting reaction.
The ULTIMATE Chemistry Semester 2 Study Guide! Iron: Fe+2 is ferrous Fe+3 is ferric Copper: Cu+1 is cuprous Cu+2 is cupric Lead: Pb+2is plumbous Pb+4 is plumbic Tin: Sn+2 is stannous Sn+4 is stannic Periodic Table TRENDS * As you move right along the periodic table… decreasing atomic radius, increasing ionization energy, increasing electronegativity, increasing electron affinity, constant shielding * As you move down the periodic table… increasing atomic radius, decreasing ionization energy, decreasing electronegativity, increasing shielding WTF is that stuff? * Atomic radius is the distance between the nuclei of atoms when they are involved in a chemical bond. As you increase the number of protons in the nucleus