Chapter 14 1. Radio galaxies have sources of unusually strong radio waves emitted on either side of the galaxy and active galaxies are spirals with small, highly luminous cores like Seyfert galaxies, they also have nuclei that are produced by matter plunging into super-massive black holes. 6. By observing the velocity of the stars that orbit the black hole or by the rotational speed of its accretion disk. 10.
Which of the following planets is NOT a gas giant? a. Earth b. Jupiter c. Saturn d. Uranus 16. The sun gets its energy from a. burning fuel b. nuclear fusion c. shrinking due to gravity d. convection 17. The number of on any planet can be used to estimate how old the surface is.
Meteorites are naturally occurring objects that originate in space and survive a fall to the ground through Earth’s atmosphere. (What are meteorites?) Most are remnants of asteroids or possibly comets. However, a few have been shown to be pieces of Moon or Mars that were launched into space by an impact event. While moving through space these objects are known as meteoroids.
B. Venus, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. C. Earth, Saturn, Neptune, and Venus. *D. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. 2. The fragment of an asteroid or any interplanetary material is known as a A. shower material.
Once the star is no longer exerting outward force by burning off gases, it begins to collapse under its own intense, inward gravity (Chaisson, p.193). It is like slowly letting the air out of a balloon. Once the star is compacted to a certain size, while it's mass, or weight, remains the same, its gravity becomes so powerful that nothing can escape it (Prof. Stephen Hawking, p.87). This critical size to weight ratio is known as the Schwarzchild Radius (Hawking, p.87). Once a black hole is created in this way, an invisible area, or line around it exists.
Direct motion and retrograde motion both occur with Mars, direct motion is when the planet seems to be going forward, and retrograde is when it seems to be going backwards. Many astronomers have noticed this and have tried to come to a solution as to why it occurs. Eudoxus of Cnidus Eudoxus of Cnidus came up with the first theory as to why retrograde motion occurs. He thought that there was a system of spheres, a small sphere in the middle on one axis and a larger sphere on another axis; both of the axis’ are offset. The axis of the smaller middle sphere is embedded in the outer sphere so they share the same motion.
The arrangement of particles in an atom Protons and neutrons make up the main, dense, central nucleus in the centre of the atom. This is surrounded by electrons “orbiting” the main nucleus. The electron are in shells depending on their energy levels, as the most energetic are on the outer shells, because they need more energy to travel around a bigger “orbit” of the nucleus. These shells are full when a certain amount of atoms are in the shell; 2 in the first shell, 8 in the next shell, 8 in the third shell and so on. When the shells are full, the atom is unreactive.
The energy released is in the form of increased kinetic energy of the product particles and any radiation emitted. The energy released in a nuclear fission is very much larger compared to the energy released in a chemical reaction. Spontaneous natural nuclear fission reactions very rarely occur. Nuclear fission reactions are normally initiated by bombarding the nucleus with slow neutrons or thermal neutrons of low energy of about 10-2 eV. Nuclear fussion: Nuclear fusion is the process in which two light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus.
The presence of the positive charge induces a mass migration of electrons from sphere B towards (and into) sphere A. This movement is induced by the simple principle that opposites attract. Negatively charged electrons throughout the two-sphere system are attracted to the positively charged balloon. This movement of electrons from sphere B to sphere A leaves sphere B with an overall positive charge and sphere A with an overall negative charge. The two-sphere system has been polarized.
Our Early Atmosphere The Earth’s physical features are what affect our daily lives and how we live them. But it’s what people don’t see that affects them the most, the atmosphere. This is the gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body, and retained by the celestial body's gravitational field. It’s an invisible shield that protects us from many harmful things and keeps our planet in balance. Our atmosphere is about 300 miles thick and is made up of many gaseous chemicals: 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, 0.03% carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases.