In health and social care settings someone could start using health and social services and they already have low self-esteem or those using the services could make them have low self-esteem. An example of this is an emotional teenager being targeted and bullied which would result in them having low self-worth or best known as low self-esteem. (1) Self-identity is how you view yourself away from cultural groups or society as a whole. In health and social care services you have to recognise and respect everyone own individual identities. You could be a what society calls it a Goth and you could be in a sexual hospital and the nurse seeing you has to accept how you present yourself and respect your individuality.
However, failure to function adequately is a general sign of a disorder and not itself specific to any condition. Rosenhan and Seligman (1989) have suggested some characteristics of abnormal behaviour that are related to the FFA definition include: observer discomfort, unpredictability, irrationality and maladaptiveness. One limitation of Failure to Function Adequately is Cultural issues. Patterns of behaviour vary from culture to culture, so failing to function adequately may look different depending upon which culture you are in. The FFA criterion is likely to result in different diagnosis when applied to people from different cultures, because the standard of one culture being used to measure another.
Avoiding people who are different, such as those with a mental/physical disability or those of a different culture, is classed as discriminatory practice. By not making an effort to talk to and find ways of communicating with these individuals, it would be seen as practice which excludes them. Automatically giving someone a bedpan, as it is ‘easier’ for the carer instead of taking
The definition of the word abnormal, means deviating from the average norm. If we were to take this literally anybody acting strangely or differently would be considered to be abnormal. This also depends on people’s perceptions as to what is normal. Normal for one culture may be abnormal for another. To look at the definition of abnormality in more detail it’s needed to look at the different definitions of abnormality.
CRIME AND DEVIANCE Deviancy is any behaviour that defies the norms of a particular social group. It is anti-social behaviour/or non-normative behaviour or behaviour that does not conform to societal expectations. Definition: American sociologists Marshall Clinard cited in Haralambos and Holborn (1995:387) defines deviancy as, “Any behaviour that is in a disapproved direction and of a sufficient degree to exceed the tolerance limit of that community. This definition has been criticised for ignoring those forms of deviancy which are tolerable. - Deviancy should be viewed as arelative act i.e.
Society generally labels an individual as deviant if they differ from the social norms in appearance or behavior. Deviant acts not only change the way a
[pic] Discrimination can be based on a range of characteristics. 1.Direct discrimination occurs when a person treats another less favorably than they would a person from a different group because of his or her racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation. Indirect discrimination occurs when selection tools or procedures have a different effect on people from a particular group as the work performance is not the used criteria. This would disadvantage people on the grounds of racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation. [pic] 2.
So how can we avoid this behavior if and when we recognize it as such? First we need to identify all the components Prejudice is usually a negative incorrect unjustified attitude or prejudgment directed towards someone based on personal views of a particular social group or groups. Someone that’s prejudice towards others may not act according to their beliefs, but still may not discriminate against them. One line of logic that is used is to justify ones prejudice and stereotypes is to justify the system used; by using social inequalities, they legitimizing beliefs, attitudes and myths. By placing emphasizing a lower-status groups weakness, according to their weaknesses and flaws, they justify those that are in a higher status maintaining the status quo and in doing so allowing the higher status individual to feel secure in their position.
This in return can create barriers, or a misconception of individual behaviour that does not fall into that category defined as “normal.” Therefore in conclusion this could lead to wrong assumptions or even an incorrect diagnosis being made based solely on what “society” constitutes as normal behaviour. However on the other hand, there does need to be a framework that will measure or monitor individual behaviour, in order to identify and treat any behaviour which may be deemed as abnormal. For this reason it would assist those individuals that may be a risk to themselves, or even the wider community. Statistical Infrequent: Is defined as any behaviour and psychological functioning that is statistically infrequent, this is then viewed as abnormal. Behaviour such as removing personal clothing in a public place isn’t something most people would normally do.
Labelling theory was developed during the 1950s/60s and is closely related to interactionist and social construction theories. It is essentially based upon the reaction of societal groups to certain behaviors that are carried out. Such societal groups view these types of behaviour as deviating from or violating social norms in some way and therefore attach a label to it. The negative labels enforced on the individuals who carry out this behaviour may change how they see themselves, influence how they act, and in turn may lead to deviant behaviour being carried. According to Holdaway, S. (1988, p.44) “labelling is a process, not a direct, causal force”.