The conservatism principle involves “recognizing expenses and liabilities as soon as possible when there is uncertainty about the outcome, but to only recognize revenues and assets when they are assured of being received” (The conservatism principle). Requirement 2 – B Hudson’s wholesale inventories should be reported on the balance sheet at the replacement cost amount. The text indicates that the replacement cost is less than the NRV (or ceiling) and more than the NRV-NP (or floor) making the
Costing Model: There are two costing models that can be used to allocate costs: traditional costing and activity based costing. Both costing models allocate direct material costs, direct labor costs and manufacturing overhead costs to the products being manufactured. However, the difference between the two models involves how the manufacturing overhead costs are allocated. Traditional costing allocates overhead costs to the products manufactured on the either direct labor hours, number of units produced, or machine hours used in production. The traditional costing method lumps all overhead costs into a single pool and allocates those costs across all products produced based on one of the three cost drivers (direct labor hours, number of units produced, or machine hours).
Elaine Ust ACC 202 Module 4 Case Allocating fixed costs Activity based management and activity based costing is different from a more traditional costing method because it uses multiple cost drivers and multiple overhead pools to allocate or apply overhead to products and cost objects. The main characteristics of ABC and ABM is that the charge the division or products for use of overhead resources consumed by charging for activities that are thought to drive costs. The goal is to create awareness that activities drain resources and have the products that use the resources have the costs mapped to their product or division. In this way the divisions and products that use the most resources are charged for those resources. Traditional allocations with one resources to spread overhead often charges products an "average rate" and so fussy and difficult products get a break (charged less than they consume or "under costed") and easy low-hassle products look worse than they are (charged more then they consumer or "over costed").
(p. 191) ______________ theory is typically associated with greater profits. a. Signaling b. Compensating wage differentials C. Efficiency wage d. Human capital 4. (p. 193) Implications of _______________ theory are that pay level affects an employer's ability to recruit.
EGT1 TASK 1 McConnell, Brue and Flynn define Marginal Revenue as “the change in total revenue that results from the sale of one additional unit of a firm’s product; equal to the change in total revenue divided by the change in the quantity of the product sold.” (McConnell, Brue and Flynn, 2012). When we look at the relationship between total revenue and marginal revenue we can see that it is purely a mathematical relationship. The formula that is used to determine Total Revenue is the following; Total Revenue = Price X Quantity, (TR = P X Q). McConnell, Brue and Flynn also define Marginal Cost they state that it is “the extra cost of producing one more unit of output; equal to the change in total cost divided by the change in output.” (McConnell, Brue and Flynn 2011). The marginal cost and total cost is directly related to each other.
The operating section contains information about revenues and expenses of the principle business activities. The gross profit and the operating profit figures are calculated in the operating section of a multi-step income statement. All operating revenues are grouped at the top of the income statement. The operating expenses are sub-classified into cost of goods sold, selling expenses and administrative expenses. Selling expenses are those which are incurred directly on making sales.
c). The transfer price of an intermediate product that has an imperfectly competitive external market for the for the product exists when the transfer price of the intermediate product is given at the point at which the net marginal revenue of the marketing division of the firm is equal to the marginal cost of the production division at the best total level of output of the intermediate product, and the price charged in the external market is given on the external demand curve. DQ13) The advantages of cost plus pricing is that it leads to approximately the profit-maximizing price because firms usually apply higher markups for products facing less elastic demand than for products with more elastic demand. p This involves calculating the average variable cost of producing the normal or standard level of output , adding an average overhead charge so as to get the fully allocated average cost for the product. The disadvantages for cost-plus pricing is that it may be very difficult to
"Today's kanban research is the modern equivalent of yesterday's economic order quantity research." Do you agree? Explain your answer. 2. There is considerable evidence that getting the correct operating conditions is more important than the choice between MRP, kanban, or reorder point methods in the MPC system.
Ronald Coase in 1937 suggested that the existence of transaction cost i.e. the costs of using markets would result in organisational hierarchies being more efficient when the costs of negotiating, monitoring and enforcing contracts are too high. The existence of high transaction cost is the reason that more economic activity is carried out within
6.2 What is the goal of cost allocation? The goal of cost allocation is to assign as many of the costs an organization has as possible directly to the activities that cause them to ultimately be incurred. 6.3 a. What are the three primary methods of cost allocation? The three primary methods of cost allocation are the direct method, reciprocal method, and step-down method.