A Paradox of Development

902 Words4 Pages
In 1974, Marshall Sahlins proposed a theory, a paradox of development that is arguably still applicable in today’s 21st Century, modernized society where technology surrounds us. Times were much simpler in 1974, and yet Sahlins’ theory is arguably, even more accurate today than it was forty years ago. In The Original Affluent Society, Sahlins states, “hunger increases relatively and absolutely with the evolution of culture” (Sahlins 1974: 36). It can be argued that Sahlins implies that hunger will never be eradicated (arguably the major implication); it will only increase as society evolves. ! Rich (1995) agrees with Sahlins, stating, “not only hunger but especially poverty is socially produced, ironically, through the process of economic development itself.” Both statements allude to the fact that hunger will never be eradicated, however Sahlins’ theory raises a number of implications on development. Reading further into Marshall Sahlins' text, he states, "...it [poverty] is an invention of civilisation" (Sahlins 1974: 37). It can be implied from this statement that poverty was intentional, to separate the developed world from the developing world, and that through development, it gave the developing world no way of catching up to the West. This implication is arguable, however. Additionally, if one considers hunger a form of suffering, then Contestabile (2007) can be seen to support Sahlins' theory and the implications that extend from the original 1974 claim. Contestabile states, "the quantity and quality of suffering increases in the course of biological evolution". There is no implication here, Contestabile states precisely what Sahlins’ stated 33 years prior. Milanovic (2005: 61) agrees with both, stating, "Western countries have pulled ahead and only a few non-Western states have been able to catch up." This statement can be argued to imply that the Western
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