Parkinson’s disease; the brain changes caused by Parkinson’s disease begin in a region that plays a key role in movement. As the brain changes, the disease will begin to affect mental functions, including memory and the ability to pay attention, make sound judgements and plan steps needed to complete a task. Parkinson’s disease is a fairly common neurological disorder in older adults, estimated to affect nearly 2% of those over 65. Huntington’s disease; this disease is a progressive brain disorder caused by a single defective gene on chromosome 4. Symptoms of the disease include abnormal involuntary movements, a severe decline in thinking and reasoning skills, irritability, depression and mood changes.
The hippocampus on the other side is responsible for the production of corticosteroids (chemicals that produce physiological responses to stimuli). How the mind creates memories is controlled by the hippocampus. So as to work efficiently, the amygdala and the hippocampus rely on each other greatly. The amygdala regulates the responses to stimuli and the hippocampus uses these responses in the formation of both short-term and long-term memories. Damage to the amygdala or hippocampus causes loss of emotions and memory respectively.
In an unfeasible attempt I will try to cover the extraordinary number of benefits of weight training within this paper. Weight training or also known as resistance or strength training is defined as “involving the voluntary activation of specific skeletal muscles against some form of external resistance, which is provided by body mass, free weights, or a variety of exercise modalities” (Winett et al, 2001). Weight training is effective for developing fitness, health, and for the prevention of disease and injury. Don’t take it from just me it is promoted by major health organizations for example American College of sports Medicine, American Heart Association, American Association of Cardiovascular and Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, and Surgeon General’s Office. Benefits have been found so vital in recent years that these major health organizations have set guidelines for all people from healthy adults to someone who lives a sedentary life style or even elderly.
Vascular dementia is caused when there is a reduction in the blood flow to the brain. Over time, this can damage the parts of the brain which play a large part of a person memory, speech and attention. A stroke can play a part in this type of dementia when it narrows the blood vessels to the brain. Dementia with Lewy Bodies is caused by lumps of protein which builds up inside nerve cells inside the brain, the proteins damage the nerve cells and how they work, these nerves are responsible for thinking, memory and movement of a person. Dementia with Lewy Bodies can be closely related to Parkinsons Disease and there is a theory that Dementia with Lewy Bodies interferes with two neurotransmitters called dopamine and acetylcholine which assist in the brains functions.
There are two different types of carbohydrate, simple carbohydrates (or sugars) and complex carbohydrates (starches and fibre). Proteins are a vital nutrient which us used by the body for growth and repair, it is very important for infants and children also individuals who are ill or injured. one characteristic of proteins is that they are made up of amino acids. They are complex molecules that can promote good health. Lipids are insoluble within water, they have high energy content and can be metabolized to release calories, but they have many other uses as well.
Supplying enough energy to support the many functions of the body at work and play is one of the chief functions of food. This energy comes from the fats, carbohydrates, and proteins in the food you eat. Without energy stored in our bodies- our bodies would not function. It is required for the molecules to move in and out of the cells, for breaking down large molecules and also foe building new ones. The role of energy in our body consists of the breakdown of large, complex molecules to the simplest form to release energy, this is called catabolism.
Some diseases that are caused from fats are heart disease, overweight, diabetes, high blood pressure, insulin resistance, and sleep apnea. Lipids fats play a large role in the functioning of the body such as it increases the brain functions in a positive way. Lipids fats also help joint function and energy production within the body. Fiber absorb cholesterol and slow glucose absorption it helps
It is produced through the breakdown of foods that we eat. It is then stored in our muscles, the only problem being it stores a small amount of ATP energy. For our bodies to keep producing the energy needed for an activity then ATP must be continually resythesised. To do this our body breaks down ATP using an enzyme so it becomes
It helps the transfer of information from short term memory into long term memory. (Willingham, 2007) The brain also helps with problem solving and reasoning skills. In order for cognitive functioning in the brain to work correctly it needs to be able to transmit signals from the left hemisphere to the right hemisphere. When signals are received from the left side of the body they go to the right side of the brain and visa versa. The brain also helps coordinate movement.
Huntington's disease – this is an inherited disease causing abnormal movements and problems with coordination, together with cognitive impairment. Niemann-Pick disease type C – is one of a group of rare inherited disorders. It is caused by the inability of the body to deal with cholesterol. Normal pressure hydrocephalus – caused when excess fluid accumulates in the brain, cusing pressure to build up in the brain tissue. HIV-related cognitive impairment and dementia – this is an infection that weakens the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight infections and disease, causing a number of different problems with the brain, including mild cognitive complaints and