Unfamiliar is not the same as abnormal, distinction between these two is vital to understanding psychopathology and those affected by mental illness. As abnormal psychology evolves and progresses in treatments, therapies, and research the central theme of the six core concepts continues to guide researcher. These six concepts define and provide understanding of abnormality. The concepts also illustrate the range between normal and abnormal behavior of individuals experiencing personality disorders. Another concept is studying cultural and historical relativism in defining and classifying abnormality in relation to environment.
What is ‘Attributional’ therapy in your own words (5) 1 Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is a form of psychotherapy developed from a combination of cognitive therapy and behavioural therapy. The aim of CBT is to change unhealthy/faulty thinking and behaviours. The approach is based on the idea that our thoughts cause our feelings and the resulting behaviours rather than external events. By identifying and challenging unhealthy or faulty thinking patterns and beliefs the thinking patterns can be replaced by more rational and healthy alternatives. 2 CBT can be used with many different problem areas including depression, anxiety, anger and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).
They suggest why some people are predisposed to phobias and why some phobias are more common than others. However the evidence used to support biological theories can often be used to support other alternative environmental explanations. Both theories attempt to explain and look to treat anxiety disorders although focusing on different aspect of treatment. When anxiety disorders are treated, the fact that often both treatments are simultaneously used suggests that there Evolutionary psychology (EP) is an approach in the social and natural sciences that examines psychological traits such as memory, perception, and language from a modern evolutionary perspective. It seeks to identify which human psychological traits are evolved adaptations – that is, the functional products of natural selection or sexual selection.
Part 1: The five phases of behavior assessment are (a) screening and general disposition, (b) defining and generally quantifying problems or desired achievement criteria, (c) pinpointing the target behavior(s) to be treated, (d) monitoring progress and (e) following up (Cooper, Heron & Heward, 2007). Screening and general disposition is used to discover and identify any number of variables that may influence the occurrence of problem behaviors. Defining and generally quantifying problems or desired achievement criteria is when you establish the goal for change and the steps required to achieve it. Pinpointing the target behavior(s) to be treated is when you specifying target behaviors. Monitoring progress is when you work on the procedures needed for reorganization and observation of the changed behavior.
Discuss Biological Therapies for Phobic Disorders? (8+16 marks) What are phobias? Phobias are an irrational fear of a specific object or situation. A phobia is classified as a type of anxiety disorder, since anxiety is the main symptom experienced by the sufferer. Today, I’m going to be discussing the biological approach to treating phobic disorders, quite obviously in this method of treating these disorders, there are two types of chemotherapy (drugs) which are used.
How is Borderline Personality Disorder identified and diagnosed? Individuals need to be analysed with regards to long-term patterns of functioning over time and during different situations. Personality characteristics need to be separated from symptoms that may have appeared after traumatic experiences, certain stressors and/or short term mental states (Tutorial 101, 2011). To limit the evaluation to only one interview can cause complications. When making a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder you need to take both sets of criteria (i.e.
1. Why are personality disorders listed on Axis II of the DSM-IV? Anytime there is a clinical evaluation of a patient it should include axis II personality disorder pathology. A general assessment is conducted to determine the generic elements of a personality disorder are present. The patient will be assets in personality disturbance, such as cognitive eccentricity, socially, isolative behavior, impulsivity, mood dysregulation, or anxiety-driven patterns of behavior and there they can determine if there is a disorder or not.
Therefore, understanding the impact of a person’s mental health developmental problem and its medical features becomes a paramount issue when it comes to diagnosis and medical intervention (Kenrick, 2009). In mental health, being normal or abnormal depends on different conditions or circumstances. Similarly, the term ‘abnormal’ has different explanations biologically and psychologically. In order to analyze practical and theoretical challenges in defining the term ‘abnormal’, three approaches are used. The first approach is the statistical abnormality.
However each perspective is to address the disorder and disease. Each perspective will also address the human behavior from different viewpoints. The diversity, divisions, and subtopics will have different affects on other disciplines. Lifespan development and abnormal psychology will not only affect other disciplines and fields of psychology, but neuroscience ad education as well (Hansell & Damour, 2008). The diversity between psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral shows the psychological views with the goal to resolve human conflict and improve one’s quality of life.
The criteria for diagnosing DSPD follow the characteristics of the symptoms as well as the inability to follow social norms. Psychopathy is similar to ASPD and DSPD however the traits include deceitful and arrogant tendencies. The trait of deficient affective experience has been shown to be the core deficit of psychopathy (Cooke et al.,2005). It is important; while almost all individuals with a diagnosis of psychopathy would meet the criteria for the diagnosis of ASPD, on about one-third of individuals with a diagnosis of ASPD meet the criteria for psychopathy (Coid, 1998). With this being said, it is estimated that approximately less than one percent of men are diagnosed as psychopaths, but because many people who may have ASPD do not readily volunteer for research there is no real way of estimating the prevalence of