The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) was created to help measure the needs for power, intimacy, and achievement in regards to motivation. The motivational view I agree with the least is the psychoanalytic view. “The psychoanalytic view of human motivation suggests that behavior is ultimately determined by unconscious sexual and aggressive drives and by the complex intrapsychic conflicts that arise in daily life.” (Pinel, J.P.J. 2008. p. 299). Freud had some beliefs that I believe have been outdated and further researched since his time.
Freud believed that conscience was a construct of the mind built up through repressed feelings and emotions. For Freud, during our upbringing we accept values and beliefs about morality, and at some point, these may be rejected by our moral reasoning. Even though these early views have since been rejected, they continue to influence our ‘conscience’. Freud separated the conscious into three clear parts: the ID, the EGO, and the Super-Ego. The ID is considered part of the unconscious personality, and is driven by impulses to seek pleasure and satisfaction.
This use can remedy a distributive power dilemma by recognizing that a power struggles exists when they allow it to define the relationship. Instead, the ability to develop relationally is based on mutual empowerment, empathy, and responsibility to oneself and the other. Thirdly, designated power instills power to a certain relationship, not an individual, but to a collective group that she is part of. When people designate power to a greater entity, they are giving up power over, or distributive power, for the larger good of the interdependent relationship (102). Examples include policemen, politicians, teachers, and administrators as
Sigmund Freud on Personality Theories and the Influence Today Abstract I chose this topic because of my interest in personality theories, introduced by Sigmund Freud. I was eager to explore the theories and methods that help determine a person’s personality. I will explain Sigmund Freud’s basic concepts of personality theories and how upbringing, genetics, and culture can influence one’s personality. Sigmund Freud was one of the most famous psychologists who helped make the conscious mind versus unconscious mind note worthy. The conscious mind represents the events in which you are aware of during points of time in a day.
In general pressure groups are seen as an important element in modern democracy however they can also be seen as undemocratic. Pluralist democracy is the idea that democracy represents multiple different sections and groups and that political power is distributed in society. Pressure groups help to enhance this as they represent causes which may be ignored by the majority due to political parties and allow political power to be spread to the public as it’s a form of political participation, this allows the avoidance of dangerous concentrations of power. Evidently pressure groups are effective and enhance pluralist democracy as governments pay attention to pressure groups and consider the demands and decide to consent to them influencing any decisions, this shows they are accepting and know the effect pressure groups have as the government has not restricted creation and action of pressure groups. In addition a function of pressure groups is to inform and educate the public, this allow improvement of democracy as the electorate can make a more informed decision in political participation, such as the general election and referendums.
The psychodynamic perspective is based on the work of Sigmund Freud. He created both a theory to explain personality and mental disorders and the form of therapy known as psychoanalysis. The psychodynamic approach assumes that all behaviour and mental processes reflect constant and unconscious struggles within person. These usually involve conflicts between our need to satisfy basic biological instincts, for example, for food, sex or aggression, and the restrictions imposed by society. Not all those who take a Psychodynamic approach accept all of Freud's original ideas, but most would view normal or problematic behavior as the result of a failure to resolve conflicts adequately.
The study of changes in the pattern of behavioral stability as well as growth taking place in the developmental process of individuals, can be referred to as lifespan development. The lifespan perspective upholds the occurrence of vital adjustments during the cycle of development in every individual. In accordance to Lifespan perspective, these changes and growth in the course of advancement are engineered by sociocultural, biological and individual factors. The Benefactor of the treatment of psychological problems (Sigmund Freud), believes that a significant way in helping restore his patient’s psychological health could be by interacting with his patients about their problems. Psychoanalysis was sprung up and dully applied as a psychological problem solving method by Sigmund Freud.
There are many times in the novel when Huxley replaces Ford with Freud, which is also a major symbolic figure. Freud’s theories go hand in hand with the novel, “from the moment of birth the infant is driven in his actions by the desire for bodily or sexual pleasures” (http://www.iep.umt.edu). Most of Freud’s experiments were directed toward how the human mind develops, and more directly how the sexual mind develops. Freud was convinced that the majority of human actions were based off of sexual desires and fantasies. Freud is well known for his theory on a mother and her son, or the Oedipus Complex.
As a person in a position of power, he is responsible for his actions. Although there is some value to the Marxist and feminist interpretation, it contains several weaknesses. The following review of some aspects of the plot will reveal some of those weaknesses. According to Goode (Hale 2013, 384-386), the four major functions of how the family should perform in society are the socialization of children, reproduction, economic cooperation to support the adults and their offspring, and finally regulation of sexual relations. Goode also said that the constancy of the human sex drive creates long-term relationships, which builds stability between men and women in order to socialize the children over an extended period of time.
Nevertheless, to truly understand how internal aggressions and desires are shown to lead to Sammy’s rash decision, one must first learn the role the ID pertains to all literary creations. It is the source of the libido, or fundamental pleasures, and many theologians compare the ID to the devil. With this knowledge, one can see that ultimately, Sammy makes his decision because the pleasure he could receive by gaining the three girls’ attentions outweigh the negative consequences of losing his job. Furthermore, Sammy’s sexual desire for Queenie is shown very