The psychodynamic perspective is based on the work of Sigmund Freud. He created both a theory to explain personality and mental disorders and the form of therapy known as psychoanalysis. The psychodynamic approach assumes that all behaviour and mental processes reflect constant and unconscious struggles within person. These usually involve conflicts between our need to satisfy basic biological instincts, for example, for food, sex or aggression, and the restrictions imposed by society. Not all those who take a Psychodynamic approach accept all of Freud's original ideas, but most would view normal or problematic behavior as the result of a failure to resolve conflicts adequately.
Psychoanalysis was sprung up and dully applied as a psychological problem solving method by Sigmund Freud. Nevertheless, Psychoanalysis indicates that development are completely dependent on the comatose mind. Psychoanalysis holds that early life know-hows are very important in development. In the process of talking to his patients about their problems, Freud realized that their problems were an offshoot of their experiences in life. According to Sigmund Freud, as children grow up pleasure and sexual impulses shifts from the mouth to the anus and gradually shifts to the genitals.
This is the contradicting of Jung. Jung has analysis himself to experience the unconscious through his dreams and fantasia Jung believe that he was strong enough to make dangerous journey and come back to talk about it. His goal was to understand the unconscious from the purpose viewpoint of scientist. Ellis thoughts are that society is more disturbs and it more inclusive and exact “people disturb themselves by thing that have happen to them. And by the view, feelings, and actions” (p16) Horney’s (1950) also Adler writes that our Emotional reactions and lifestyle are associated with our basic beliefs and are therefore cognitively created.
“Freud demonstrates conclusively that the conscience does not exist” 35 Marks Conscience is defined by the dictionary as ‘a moral sense of right and wrong, especially as felt by a person and affection behaviour or an inner feeling as to the goodness or otherwise of ones behaviour’ Freud believed that conscience was a human construct, but it is not something exists outside of our minds. However, this is weak as so many philosophers and psychologists have tried to provide explanation to what the conscience is. Sigmund Freud was a psychiatrist most famous for founding the psychoanalytic school of psychology. Two key aspects of his approach are the assertion that sexual desire is the primes motivating drive in all humans, and the importance of the unconscious mind. Freud believed that conscience was a construct of the mind built up through repressed feelings and emotions.
It is believed that the development of girls and boys only emerges when the child enters the phallic stage; this is where the focus of its libido moves to the genitals. This is where the boys enter the Oedipus complex and start to have sexual desires for their mother. They see their father as standing in the way of these desires and thus creates a hate/ death wish for the father, however at the same time realises that the father is more powerful than he is and starts to fear that if his desires for his mother are found out by his father that he will castrate him, causing castration anxiety. The way the boy handles with this conflict is by identifying and associating with his father to try and become more like him. The boy then starts copying his father, picking up his traits; these newly acquired traits form the boy’s superego and in taking on his father as himself the boy automatically takes on the male gender identity.
Discuss evolutionary explanations of human aggression One evolutionary explanation of human aggression is infidelity and jealousy. This suggests that sexual jealousy is one of the main causes for aggression in humans. In the environment of evolutionary adaptation (EEA) our male ancestors would have feared cuckoldry (the reproductive cost that might be inflicted on a man as a result of his partner’s infidelity). It is suggested that such fear of investing in another man’s offspring lead to men adopting mate retention strategies. This is where males have evolved a number of strategies specifically for the purpose of keeping their mate, so that she does not copulate with another male.
He also cries out, “Don’t look at me”. The “id” is an important part of our personality because as newborns it allows us to get our basic needs met. (Cherry 1) One might think as Frank yells out “Mommy” that he is thinking of himself as a newborn. Freud believes that the “id” doesn’t care about reality or the needs of others. The “id” only cares about its satisfaction.
A philosopher such as Freud would agree with me because he argued that our Conscience is a construct of the mind. Freud did not believe in any absolute moral law therefore the content of our conscience is shaped by our experiences - our conscience is learned. He argued that the human mind is split into three separate parts. The id is basic instincts and desires such as hunger, which are present at birth. The ego balances the desires and needs of both the id and the super ego.
In Suzanne Kesslers article “ The Medical Construction of Gender” physicians handle intersex infants a defect that needs be corrected. The need to find the baby's gender is crucial in western culture, even though their are typically no biological threats to the babies health. When an intersexed baby is born physicians immediately test the babies hormone levels to discover the babies “true sex” since being both male and female is not possible in our culture. A primary factor in determining the sex is the penis size, if the baby has an average sized penis then they will most likely be reconstructed as a boy but if there penis is too small than the babies so called penis must be an oversized clitoris. The importance of diagnosing the child is stressed at birth because physicians want the baby to grow up with their gender identity and gender roles in society match.
By letting teens try and figure out sex on their own only increases the risk of STDs and pregnancy. Not being informed is worse than being informed and knowing the safest way to approach the situation. Through Jane Friedman’s article “Do abstinence-only programs discourage teen sex” on CQ Researcher, one can learn that the sexual debate should be given to the comprehensive sexual education side. There are too many problems with the abstinence-only program and almost every argument on their side can be argued. Comprehensive sexual education is the best way to reduce the number of STD’s and teen pregnancy in the United