Khang Bui Test 1 Essay Hemostasis has three mechanisms to help prevent blood loss, which is vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, and blood clotting (coagulation). Vascular Spasm is the most immediate protection against blood loss. Injury to the vessel causes smooth muscle to contract (vasoconstriction) to reduce the amount of blood flow through the area and reduce the amount of blood loss. Thus, the vascular spasm helps maintain hemostasis long enough for the other to come into play Platelet plug formation has three stages; Adhesion, Release Reaction and Aggregation. Adhesion of platelets is stimulated by the damage tissue; Platelets do not adhere to the endothelium that lines healthy blood vessels and the heart.
Provide physical protection Control permeability Provide sensation Produce specialized secretions There are various specialized types of epithelia. They can be sorted by cell shape and the number of cells between the basement membrane and the exposed surface of the epithelium. The three basic shapes of epithelial are squamous, cuboidal, and columnar. If the basement membrane is only covered by one layer of cells it is called a simple epithelium. If the basement membrane is cover by several layers of cells it is called stratified epithelium.
Pneumonia is always handled with delicate attention, but for individuals who have normal, healthy lungs and a strong immune system the final outcome is almost always a good one. Serious attention needs to be focused on those who are at a greater risk such as the elderly, children, and the immunocomprimised (Anatomical Chart Company, 2010, p. 100). According to the Atlas of Pathophysiology, there are three different basic types of pneumonia: bacterial, viral, and aspiration. The primary cause of pneumonia is an inhalation or aspiration of a pathogen. The secondary cause is related to an existing infection or disease.
Prevention of external fixation pin track infection is a complex and ongoing task that requires attention to detail, meticulous surgical technique and constant vigilance. Keywords fixation Pin site Á Infection Á Complications Á External Background Pin track infection is almost inevitable during the longterm use of external fixators with the quoted incidence ranging from 11.3 to 100 % [3–11]. Bibbo [2] stated that ‘Pin-site irritation/infection have almost become an accepted certainty in the realm of external fixation, with physicians relying heavily on the majority of those complications resolving without consequences by using appropriate pin care and antibiotic therapy’. Fixator pin–bone interface stability Pin track infection decreases the stability of the pin–bone interface. Conversely, instability of the fixator pin–bone construct can lead to half-pin loosening and infection [3].
Psoriasis impact in quality of life Susana Mandel Florida International University Psoriasis impact in quality of life Psoriasis is a disease with a chronic evolution in which well demarcated plaques with erythema and silvery scales are present on the skin. This is the result of interactions between immunological and genetic factors that can be triggered by the environment (McCance, 2010; Green, 2011). Nails, scalp and joints can also be involved. Psoriasis is considered severe when 10% or more of the body surface is affected, and when hands and feet are involved, because it interferes with activities of daily living (Gelfand, 2004). It is estimated that more than 3% of the American population suffers from psoriasis (National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoeskeletal and Skin Diseases, 2009).
Briefly describe the function of myelin and discuss the neuropsychological impact of one disorder which causes demyelination. The human nervous system (NS), encompasses the brain, spinal cord and the peripheral nerves (PNS), is arguably the most diverse of machines due to the structure and complexity of its organisational functions. Fundamental aspects of the NS are the connections between the structures, functions and the flow of information where cells are organised as networks and circuits to process information (Thibodeau & Patton, 2005). The brain and the spinal cord make up the central nervous system (CNS) (Thibodeau & Patton, 2005), where axons, nerves and neurons serves essential purposes. Oligodendrocyte produces a white substance call myelin that insulates the axons (Gross, 2009); destruction to the myelin consequently produces diseases called myelin disorders which results in demyelination (Thibodeau & Patton, 2005).
Current evidence shows that alopecia areata is caused by an abnormality in the immune system. Alopecia areata occurs within family members, and is usually hereditary (Alopecia Areata Causes). There are three types of alopecia areata, alopecia areata, Alopecia areata totalis and alopecia areata universalis(Alopecia Areata : What). Alopecia areata, the most common variation of the autoimmune disease, presents itself as round, smooth patches of various sizes on the head some people with alopecia areata, the fingernails and toenails become pitted they look as if a pin had made many tiny dents in them. They may also look like sandpaper.
How skin cells die. As the body’s largest organ, the skin serves many protective and regulatory functions. Protection of this vital organ is paramount to the promotion and maintenance of health as well as thermoregulation, sensation and body image. Our skin is an important organ whose diverse functions are not always appreciated. It is the interface between the body and the rest of the world.
CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS The term cerebrovascular disorder can be taken to mean ‘any disruption of brain functioning arising from some pathological condition related to the blood vessels, which produces an array of disorders of great complexity’ (Walsh, 1987). Since all cerebrovascular disorders originate due to impairment in the blood supply within the brain, it is important for one to understand the setup and functions of the arteries that are involved in this process. 1. ARTERIES AND BLOOD FLOW OF THE BRAIN: Since the central nervous system is one of the most active tissues in the body, it requires a rich supply of oxygen and glucose. One realizes the importance of understanding the circulation system when you consider the fact that impairment to blood supplies is the leading cause of lesions in the central nervous system.
Burning of the Integumentary System In Applied Anatomy and Physiology, I learned a great many things that pertain to my everyday life, but none more important than how the Integumentary System can be damaged by burning of the surface. The Integumentary system has an important job of protecting the body’s homeostasis and acts as the body’s first line of defense against infection among other diseases. The Integumentary System has many functions in the way of maintaining homeostasis in the human body. Thermoregulation is one function of the skin by two ways: adjusting the flow of blood in the dermis and by pushing sweat to the surface. The skin also provides protection because of the protein keratin protects against abrasions, heat, and chemical because of how tightly interlocked the skin is.