Because Octavian had been ruling as consul for so long, the senate just assumed he called them together to announce he was going to hold consulship for life. But what they got instead was shock. Octavian announced he would give up power and return Rome to its former glory as a Republic. Octavian would give the Senate their power back that they had lost over the years. If he had stated that he was taking control of Rome, he would have been chastised for it.
WHY DID CAESAR EMBARK ON CIVILWAR? Caesar found it necessary to cross the Rubicon for many reasons, most of all due to the new regulations set by Pompey in Rome. During Caesar_s campaign in Gaul, Pompey was the most powerful man in the government, and he intended to keep it that way. Lucan states, ” Caesar could no longer endure a superior, nor Pompey an equal.‘ After Crassus died, the triumvirate between these three men broke down and Pompey and Caesar became rivals. In 52 BC, Pompey became sole-consul, and passed legislations which affected Caesar_s position in power.
He renounced his consulship in 23 BC, but retained his consular imperium, leading to a second compromise between Augustus and the Senate known as the Second Settlement. Augustus was granted the authority of a tribune (tribunicia potestas), though not the title, which allowed him to call together the Senate and people at will and lay business before it, veto the actions of either the Assembly or the Senate, preside over elections, and gave him the right to speak first at any meeting. Also included in Augustus's tribunician authority were powers usually reserved for the Roman censor; these included the right to supervise public morals and scrutinise laws to ensure they were in the public interest, as well as the ability to hold a census and determine the membership of the Senate. No tribune of Rome ever had these powers, and there was no precedent within the Roman system for consolidating the powers of the tribune and the censor into a single position, nor was Augustus ever elected to the office of Censor. Whether censorial powers were granted to Augustus as part of his tribunician authority, or he simply assumed these responsibilities, is a matter of
Lauren Castaner Communication A02 28 September 2012 Phaedrus A Book About Communicating an Argument Phaedrus by Plato starts with a meeting between Socrates and Phaedrus in Athens. They are discussing a speech Phaedrus heard earlier that morning and copied down. Phaedrus then goes on to repeat the speech to Socrates, who criticizes it in response stating that there is not enough content and that better speeches were probably made elsewhere. This is the starting point of the argument about the difference between good speeches vs. bad speech and the oral word vs. the written word. This discussion of rhetoric and writing was such a significant contribution to the topic that it is still being taught today.
From Bordeaux, Fermat went to Orléans where he studied law at the University. He received a degree in civil law before, in 1631, receiving the title of councillor at the High Court of Judicature in Toulouse, which he held for the rest of his life. Due to the office he now held he became entitled to change his name from Pierre Fermat to Pierre de Fermat. Fluent in Latin, Basque, classical Greek, Italian, and Spanish, Fermat was praised for his written verse in several languages, and his advice was eagerly sought regarding the emendation of Greek texts. He communicated most of his work in letters to friends, often with little or no proof of his theorems.
However, when the Roman citizens got tired of dictatorship, the government drastically changed. A senate was formed and the government became a republic. The Senate consisted of three hundred people who were appointed by the Consuls. Every year, two Consuls were elected by the citizens. However, not all citizens were allowed to vote; only men, who were Patricians or Plebeians, could vote.
Their father’s family were also German-immigrants (“Dr.”). By the time Theodor Geisel was six years old, he was an adept reader. Geisel drank up the words of books by many authors (Timeline). He enjoyed many authors such as Charles Dickens and Robert Louis Stevenson (Timeline). He had many books
During this essay , I plan to show how both Brutus and Antony use it in their speeches after Caesar's death . Brutus was first to speak . He seeks to justify his actions . He says to the crowd to "hear me for my cause " as he tries to explain his reasons for killing Caesar .He reminds the crowd so often that he is
He was a great military leader and he was assassinated by some of his own people. Julius Caeser was a Roman military and political leader. He played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. A politician of the populares tradition, he formed an unofficial triumvirate with Marcus Licinius Crassus and Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus which dominated Roman politics for several years, opposed in the Roman Senate by optimates like Marcus Porcius Cato and Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus. His conquest of Gaul extended the Roman world to the
Scipio was now old enough to stand for the Aedileship in 148 BC. The soldiers had also been busy writing letters home telling of the blunders of the present campaign and the exploits of Scipio, and that it is their desire that he be sent back to Carthage as consul. A tribune declared that it is the will of the people and a veto would be used if Scipio was not consul so as a precedent had been set back in the battle of Pylus, a law was repelled for a year and senate declared that ‘Let the laws sleep today’. Scipio was allowed also to conscript and enlist as many volunteers from the allies as he needed [8]. During the election it should also be noted that censors were also elected and the laws were still asleep as L