Willingham and Drilling

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Drill and Kill – A Needed Skill? Position Paper Regarding Chapter 5 of Willingham’s Why Don’t Students Like School? ENG_685AHW2_SU12: Literature and Cultural Literacies Professor Bill Maniotis July 28, 2012 In Chapter Five of Daniel T. Willingham’s book, Why Don’t Students Like School, he describes how our memory works. The argument has been that drilling is no longer needed in our schools. Personally I have been told that this method of practice is “boring” and “old fashioned.” However, as Willingham demonstrates, practice such as this is needed to fill up space in the brain for mastery. In today’s climate, the old version of “drill and kill” can become something exciting and engaging. Gone are the days of boring, hand-held flashcards. An understanding of the importance of practice with regards to mastery needs to be understood. How does the mind work? From birth, we are given a certain amount of working-memory. This is determined by genetics, and this size cannot change over time with practice or exercises. Some people are born with bigger working-memory capacity than others. When facts are learned, we need to have them become automatic in order to free up space in working-memory for new information. By making the facts smaller, we’ll have more space for new facts. There are methods to making the facts smaller, such as chunking, making the way we bring the information into working memory smaller, and manipulating the information once it’s there. Above all, Willingham stresses, practice is necessary in order to shrink the information. In order to transfer information to become automatic, one must ask the essential question, “Which processes need to become automatic?” From there, we can evaluate the information we decide to practice. The problem lies within how to do this – do we go with rote practice, or do we explore other methods? In
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