This was because the new middle class that had emerged in the 'German states', from industrialisation, wanted political representation, and felt that it could only be achieved in a united Germany. The Congress of Vienna wanted to make sure that no country could take over Europe in the way that France did in the early 1800s, it aimed to do this by allocating more land to Prussia and creating a 'barrier' that would block any attempts of French expansion and also war from Russia in the east. The German Confederation divided Germany into thirty-nine states, as Napoleon did during the French occupation. A reduction in the number of German states may seem like a move towards nationalism and in turn unification, however it was in fact a direct move against it, as can be seen in the second amendment of the confederation. This is known as 'particularism', the principle of leaving each state in a federation free to govern itself and promote its own interests.
In order to shift attention away from the liberal pressure to reform and modernizing Prussia, Bismarck was able to keep modernization forces at bay by pushing for a united Germany. This was supported by Mary Fulbrook in 1990 who said “what came as the unification in 1871 was less a result or expression ……” of Prussian colonization. Wolfgang Mommsen also has supported the idea it was a public agenda by Otto Von Bismarck, unification through the interactive dominance of Prussia and through war. Bismarck’s early life before German unification: Otto Von Bismarck was born in 1815, the year of Waterloo. He was born into a Junker heritage.
As the chancellor in 1923 he led Germany out of the hyperinflation crisis and as the foreign minister, he ended Germany's isolation amongst the international community and helped the country to become a magnet for foreign investment. Stresemann was admired by some, reviled by others. In September 1923 when the Germans were unable to pay reperations to France, French and Belgian troops took resources from the Rurh area as payment, which influenced the German workers to refuse to work in Ruhr. The workers strike worsened the fall in production. This encouraged Stresemann to call off the passive resistance and he agreed to repay the reperations and persuaded workers to return to work.
The Weimar Government, whilst built in opposition to the wartime ideologies, was unable to detach itself from the power of the German military between the years of 1919 and 1934. The Weimar Republic was formed in 1919 after the abdication and exile of Kaiser Wilhelm II left the country leaderless and the Reichstag switched from imperial politics to democratic politics, a form which the German army famously did not support. As such the impact of the German Army upon the Weimar Republic was largely to support their own political – generally right-wing – agendas. This can be directly linked to the interference of military groups and military groups in the political sphere of Weimar Germany. The involvement of the German Army and other military groups in Weimar politics served to strengthen the Republic in the early years but later lead to its downfall.
He had no rigidly defined programme when he became Prime Minister in 1862." Since 1848, there were several favourable international situations facilitated Bismarck in completing unification. First of all, Metternich’s resign in 1848 helped a lot as Austria was an obstacle to unification. Bismarck took advantages in the weakening Austria after the Crimean War and the Italian Unification. Second, Bismarck developed good relationships with numerous powers so that they would assist Prussia and help Bismarck to isolate its enemies.
January 2010 How accurate is it to suggest that supporters of closer unity in Italy had made no progress by 1849? How far do you agree that Garibaldi’s intervention in Sicily and Naples was the decisive turning point in the unification of Italy in the years 1848–70? June 2010 To what extent was Austria responsible for the failure of Italian revolutionaries in the years 1820–49? To what extent did Italy become more unified in the years 1851–61? January 2011 How far do you agree that the revolutions of 1848–49 in Italy were caused primarily by economic grievances?
However, to find the origins for the American Prohibition we must look back to rural America in the Nineteenth Century. Wilson was also pressured into passing the Prohibition Act by the powerful temperance movement during the Great War, claiming that alcohol was unpatriotic as it was made by American's from German descent. Even though he tried to veto the amendment, he was overturned by Congress and reluctantly passed the legislation. The law itself was amazingly ambitious as alcohol was the seventh largest industry in a nation which was ruled by "big business" and was an established and respected as part of the businesses which provided the wealth of America. Although the technical reason as to why the Prohibition Law was passed was because 66% of the Constitution voted for it, one of the main reasons why Prohibition happened was because of its mass support.
Frederick also participated in the War of Bavarian Succession in 1778, stopping Austria from trading the Austrian Netherlands for Bavaria. Taking a part of Poland to unite Eastern Prussia with Western Prussia was a very advantageous
He also did not want them crippled because Germany had been Britain’s leading trading partner before the war and he wanted this trade resumed so that Britain’s economy could grow again. In what ways did the Treaty of Versailles weaken Germany’s armed forces? 4 marks Germany’s armed forces were considerable weakened by the Treaty of Versailles. They had to reduce the army to 100,000 men, with no conscription. They were not allowed to have an airforce or any armoured vehicles live tanks.
Finally nationalism laid the foundation for a united Germany, it created the idea of being one country, although there is no argument to suggest that nationalism would have brought about unification alone. Therefore this essay will argue that Prussia’s Economic growth was the most important factor as it