Why Did the Pope Call the Crusades in 1101?

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Why did the Pope call the crusades in 1101? One reason the Pope Urban called the crusades in 1101 was to stop fighting amongst the European nobles. In desperate attempts to keep or gain land and therefore power nobles would constantly battle against each other for their land, killing and pillaging surrounding villages, peasants and church property. The Pope disapproved of this unchristian behavior and the harm it was doing to Christian property but saw that they needed something to vent their aggression and distract them, which the crusades were perfect for. The nobles were happy to comply as there was a lot of worrying about their ‘tarnished’ souls and the crusades were seen as a way of redemption for the afterlife. The Pope also saw the crusades as a way to protect Christians and pilgrims in the east. Pilgrimage to Jerusalem was very important to Christians as it was seen as a peaceful way to redemption and to God. So when (exaggerated) reports came from the east that Turks had been killing pilgrims on the road to Jerusalem reached Europe it was met with outrage. Christians were also been persecuted by the Muslims who saw Christianity as a pagan religion. So the Pope called the crusades to not only get revenge for the murdered pilgrims but also ensure the protection of the Christians living in the east and future pilgrims. The murders of the pilgrims were especially angering to the Pope as he, along with the rest of Christianity, believed that Jerusalem rightfully belonged to the Christians and Christian pilgrims had every right to visit. Since Jesus died there Christians thought this was reason enough to say Jerusalem was their holy city, and saw it as being stolen from them by the Muslims. Therefore the pope saw the crusades as a way to restore Jerusalem back to its ‘rightful owners’, which definitely contributed to his reasons for calling the crusades.

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