This furthered the Indian’s desire for independence but they were still faced with the challenges of overcoming the divisions within India. Members of Congress were appalled by this high-handed action, although they also sympathized with Britain’s fight against Fascism. As shown in throughout the war. The main opposition to India’s independence from the British came from one faction of the Conservative Party which later formed itself into the Imperial Defense League. As told in source 16.
To what extent did the Liberals, Conservatives, IPP, the Ulster Unionists and the Southern achieve their political objectives during the Home Rule crisis of 1912-14? During the third Home Rule bill crisis of 1912-1914 there was many differing objectives among those who lived in Ireland and those in Westminster who governed Ireland. The Liberal Party and the Irish Parliamentary Party, otherwise known as the IPP, wanted Home Rule for all of Ireland. However the Conservative Party and Ulster and Southern Unionists wanted to prevent Home Rule completely. Home Rule for Ireland meant that an Independent Irish Parliament would stand in Dublin to govern Irish affairs, still having an Irish representation in Westminster, whilst Westminster would govern all issues to do with the crown, defence and imperial government.
There are many ways that Gladstone’s First Ministry could be considered to be successful. Firstly, Gladstone had a passion to pacify Ireland, this was because he feared other countries would use Ireland as an invasion base to attack Britain. Also Irish nationalists called Fenians tried to seize power of churches, which lead to the ‘Disestablishment of the Anglican Church in Ireland 1869’ The terms of the act allowed the church to govern itself as it was no longer legally established by parliament. It was seen as so liberal it was radical and extended the principal of religious liberalism to Ireland. Another successful act passed involving Ireland was the ‘Irish Land Act 1870’ Tenants were now given compensation for eviction and there were limitations of landlord power, it was a step to improving Ireland, even though it was not as successful as the previous act, and had more opposition as Irish nationalists wanted British landlords to leave Ireland completely.
Henry VIII is often remembered as the English monarch who broke with the Roman Church. However, Henry was only attracted to Protestant doctrine in a limited way, as the years 1530-1547 demonstrate. Between the years 1530-1534, Henry tried to secure the Pope's permission to divorce Catherine of Aragon, by threatening first the English clergy and then the Pope's powers in England. When the Pope still did not grant the divorce, Henry undertook the most extreme of measures, claiming jurisdiction over the English Church for himself. The Act of Royal Supremacy of 1534 stated that the Crown was reclaiming powers that it had always possessed; powers that Rome had usurped during the previous four hundred years - a fact which Henry and his advisors firmly believed.
Similarly Source K exhibits the hatred Ulster Unionists felt towards Home Rule as they ‘would resort to force’ to ensure their prosperity was not compromised by a terrorists wishes to become independent. The media displayed negative views to Parnell also, Source R indicates how publications like The Times linked Parnell to Fenianism, ‘series of articles on ‘Parnelism and Crime’. Being associated with Parnell made Gladstone’s struggle for Home Rule harder, perhaps the reasons the 1886 Bill failed both houses but the 1893 Bill made it through Common’s as Parnell’s involvement in Home Rule had dramatically decreased in the years beforehand. The split in the Liberal party meant internally the party had opposition indicating that while divided amongst themselves there was no chance to defeat the conservative dominated House of Lords. Overall numerous factors contributed to the downfall of both Bills but the main reason inevitably was the immediate rejection to the Bill by the Conservatives as it opposed what they believed so neither Parnell or Gladstone could
How far do sources 1,2 and 3 suggest that the main obstacle to solving the Irish national problem was religion? Source 1 is from the Fenians who were extreme nationalists and Catholics meaning the source is going to be bias from the Catholic point of view. It was issued in 1867 the same year Gladstone came to power. The source begins with a quote ‘An alien aristocracy seized our lands and all material wealth and trampled on our rights and liberties’. This source tell us that the Irish believed the English Protestants had no reason to be in Ireland and the only reason they were there was as an oppressive power.
Religion was the real reason that colonization began, with out it, the colonies all over the world would not have ever came to be. The fourteenth century was when factors that would eventually lead to the start of colonization began. The followers of John Wycliffe, also known as Lollards, had pushed their ideas of religious power on the religious community: both the bible and religion had ultimate power over everything (Reformation 4). Martin Luther was one of the first men to openly go against the Lollards ideas. He believed that the Catholic church was corrupt for selling indulgences as penance for sins in that the sale was a way for the Church to exploit the unfortunate and poor (Reformation 5).
There were 3 resolutions put forward and the third one which was in relation to including Catholics in reform that was achieved was defeated. It was in response to the attitudes by the Dissenters that An Argument on Behalf of the Catholics of Ireland was written and published in 1791. This pamphlet which was one of the most revolutionary of his time had brought Wolfe Tone 'into immediate relations' with the principal Catholic leaders in Dublin. The document was aimed at the Ulster Dissenters. Tone wanted to convince the dissenters that they along with the Catholics had but one common
The question put to the electorate was “do you think the U.K. should stay in the E.C. ?” The government argued that such an important decision, with such major constitutional repercussions, should on principle be put to the general populace for a decision. However, undermining this, the government had previously joined the European Community in 1973 without a referendum. This referendum is more generally seen therefore as a device to avoid a split in a labour government on the issue of the E.C. than as being motivated by principles of direct democracy.
However, the way Ireland has been ruled over the past centuries has changed numerously. The Unionists and Nationalists have both had periods of control and they have been in constant conflict about the situation in Ireland, which has sometimes led to violence in both Ireland and Britain. The Unionists, who consist mainly of Protestants, believe that Northern Ireland should be part of the UK and are happy to be governed by the British, who say that they will not withdraw from Northern Ireland as long as the majority living there want to remain British. Most Unionists will also choose to follow another smaller organisation, which despite all sharing the same main Unionist views, tend to have slightly different methods and beliefs. The first of these organisations is the UUP, which stands for Ulster Unionist Party.