NASA shutdown NASA, once the proud space program of the United States, was shut down on July 20, 2011. The program was established on July 29 of 1958 and closed, and closed a little over fifty years after its creation, as a result of the necessary deep budget cuts imposed by congress. During the years that NASA operated, it accomplished many things. Most of the great things invented during the Cold War were motivated by the strive against the Soviet Union. The United States and the Soviet Union – a communist country at the time - competed on the development of weaponry and technological advances.
Uniformitarianism vs. Catastrophism Uniformitarianism and catastrophism are the two theories that are said to shape the Earth’s surface. Before James Hutton wrote his book about uniformitarianism, called Theory of the Earth, in 1788, nobody even considered that something other than catastrophism shaped the Earth’s surface. This was because they could see catastrophic change but they could not see gradual change. After Hutton published his book, people started to debate that the Earth was a lot older than they previously thought. Charles Lyell, a British geologist, reintroduced the idea of uniformitarianism when he published a series of books called Principles of Geology.
He suggested that at the centre of oceans, molten material would rise from the Earth’s mantle, causing new sea floor to be created, pushing the ocean floor. He also suggested that there were ocean trenches where old sea floor would then go back into the mantle, and molten. He found that these ocean trenches, the deepest parts of the ocean, were very near continental plates. Hess theorized that the action of the sea floor spreading caused continents to move apart and so this being evidence for continental drift, showing why it happened. The evidence of sea floor spreading was further supported by Vine and Drummond, who studied the magnetic pattern of the sea floor.
(Katie Falkenberg / Los Angeles Times / December 4, 2012) By Anh Do, Los Angeles Times January 9, 2013 , 7:35 p.m. Santa Monica weighs limits on fitness classes in Palisades Park The San Juan Capistrano dinosaur is one step closer to extinction after city planning commissioners voted to evict the 40-foot long Apatosaurus statue from a petting zoo in the heart of the city's oldest neighborhood. Commissioners said the dinosaur, which peeks onto historic http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-0110-capistrano-dinosaur-20130110,0,6520263.story Page 1 of 5 San Juan Capistrano panel wants dinosaur statue removed - latimes.com 1/15/13 10:32 PM Los Rios Street from the tiny zoo, does not reflect the history of San Juan, which would have been underwater when such animals roamed the Earth. Carolyn Franks, owner of Zoomars Petting Zoo, said she plans to appeal the commission's 4-2 vote. Irvine City Council overhauls oversight, spending on Great Park $30 for 2-Hour Comedy and Magic Show with Dinner for 2 at Rib
<http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/life/dinosaurs-other-extinct-creatures/mass-extinctions/end-permian-mass-extinction/index.html>. Hallam, A., and Wignall, P.B. Mass Extinctions and Their Aftermath. Athens: Oxford, 1997. Print.
("Geology," 2008) It resulted in the folding of the area and shortened the north/south length of the area by about 8.7 miles. (Jaritz, 2008) “Kata Tjuta, near the end line of this bulldozing movement, was tilted only by15 degrees. But Uluru was rotated and almost tipped over at a steep angle close to 90 degrees.” (Jaritz, 2008) The near vertical sediment layers evident within the formation of Ayers Rock are due to this major earth movement. The continuing formation of Ayers Rock occurred slowly after the Alice Springs Orogeny. About 65 million year ago, the climate of the area had become extremely wet, and this brought river sand, swamp deposits, and small traces of coal to the area.
That event created a “volcanic winter” that devastated the ecology of southern and eastern Europe, in their view.12 Geologist Biagio Giaccio of the Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering In Rome challenges Golovanova’s account. Excavations in four southern Mediterranean caves have unearthed modern human tools that, contrary to the new proposal, are slightly older than ash layers from the 40,000-year-old volcanic eruption in Italy, Modern humans survived because they lived in Africa and on the tip of southwestern Asia at that time, safely outside the range of volcanic ash clouds Some think one of the most likely causes for the Neanderthals extinction is them being killed off by diseases/viruses that MDH unintentionally brought with them as they moved into Europe during the last ice age. 13 Certainly cases of such things happening in other groups of people has been documented, like the Spanish bringing Smallpox over to the Aztec empire. It’s possible that
PHIL 1030 Paul Gomberg February 22, 2012 Dinosaurs’ extinction is still a mystery. In “Sex, Drug, Disasters and the Extinction of Dinosaurs”. Stephen Jay Gould discusses three speculations how dinosaurs became extinct. The speculations made by the scientist refer to a theme of our culture, which is sex, drugs, and violence. Two theories, sex and drugs, are quickly ignored because of lack of evidence.
Michael Gomez 11/28/11 In the short story, “A Sound of Thunder” by Ray Bradbury, the setting takes place in a time traveling company where people are given the opportunity to go back in time to the era of the dinosaurs and be able to kill one. Eckels and a few others take the opportunity and decide to go back in time and kill a tyrannosaurs rex. The usage of foreshadowing brings out the conflict where Travis (Group leader) kills Eckels. The constant threats said by Travis directed to Eckels, brings suspicion in the audience if he kills Eckels or not. Eckels as an hunter, is motivated to go back in time, not only be able to see one in his own eyes, but kill a T-rex.
My first piece of evidence in favour of human activity leading to extinction is ‘humans are driving animals to extinction faster than they can evolve ‘written by Juliette Jowit, (on Sunday the 7th of March 2010), the guardian newspaper, 15/01/15. This source is very reliable as it has been said by experts on animal, survival and extinction. In this article it explains that humans are one of the main causes of animal extinction and this is driven by the destruction of habitats(deforestation),hunting, the spread of alien predators(invasive species),disease and climate change. Also, due to these causes humans are effecting the cycle of evolution and this partly happens through the