‘What Is Hypnosis?’ Describe the Psychological and Physical Aspects of Hypnosis and Discuss the Role of Relaxation in Hypnotherapy.

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The term ‘hypnosis’ originates from the Greek word ‘hypnos’ which means sleep although the actual practice of hypnotherapy does not actually mean to induce such a state and so can be misleading in its self. When you hear the word ‘hypnosis’, what comes to mind? If you’re like many people, the word may conjure up images of a sinister stage-villain who brings about a hypnotic state by swinging a pocket watch back and forth and then spell binding an un-willing participant into the embarrassing stance of a ‘chicken’. In reality, real hypnosis bears little resemblance to these stereotyped images. According to John Kihlstrom (2007), "The hypnotist does not hypnotise the individual. Rather, the hypnotist serves as a sort of coach or tutor whose job is to help the person become hypnotised" While hypnosis is often described as a sleep-like trance state, it is better expressed as a state characterised by focused attention, heightened suggestibility and vivid imagination. Modern historians discovered evidence from relics that suggests that hypnosis or ‘trance states’ have been used for many years in rituals and religious ceremonies, as far back as ancient Egyptian times. Similar practices have been identified and are not limited to the Aborigines, North American Indians and Hindu culture. Franze Anton Mesmer (1734 – 1815) was a keen Astronomer who theorised that there was a natural energetic transference that occurred between all animated and inanimate objects that he called magnétisme animal (animal magnetism). Mesmer developed various methods of healing by use of magnets, believing that illnesses were caused by magnetic fluids in the body becoming out of balance. He used magnets and hypnotic techniques to treat people (the term ‘mesmerised’ comes from his name). Intense discussions on the origin of the phenomena of animal magnetism emerged. They received

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